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Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is political participation?

 To elect the representatives or to be elected as a representative. To be a member of executive. To be selected for government post. A steady increase in percentage of voters turnout despite some functions.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is Election Manifesto? Explain.

Election Manifesto is a document to let the voters know about programmes, policiesand aims of political party to be declared on the eve of elections: It clarifies the internal and external policies of the government. People became aware of performance of the political party on winning. People can pressurize even the winning party or the government to work on behalfof manifesto.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What do you mean by the list system?

 Large multi-member constituencies are formed. Many members/representatives are elected from each constituency. Each political party submits a list of as many candidates as are to be elected frompolitical constituency. The voters vote for the list, which are indivisible to be elected. Each candidate has to secure minimum votes fixed by the quota to be obtained bydividing the total number of votes polled to the party by the quota. The same number of candidates enumerated in the party list from top are declaredsuccessful.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How does India ensure the secret ballot?

Secret ballot is ensured in India: The voter is given a secret ballot paper by the presiding officer of the polling booth. The voter goes behind the curtain to vote to the candidate of one’s own choice. Now-a-days, EVM’s (Electronic Voting Machines) are being used in place of ballotpaper. The voter presses the button against the candidate of his/her choice with thesymbols assigned to them. This maintains the complete secrecy because no one else comes to know to whomthe voter has voted. Even the candidate does not come to know who has voted him or not.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How does the Election Commission recognize the regional party?

The Election Commission lays down the following criterion to recognize the regionalparties: The Election Commission declares and decides that which political party stands atnational level or which should stand at regional level. The Election Commission has been empowered to see the popularity of the regionalparty in a particular region. The Election Commission checks the organization and membership of the party. The Election Commission looks after either the regional party works under the codeof conduct or not as assigned by the Election Commission.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What are Mid-term Elections?

Mid-Term Elections refer to elections held before the expiry of the term of Lok Sabha orState Legislative Assembly due to some reasons or the other or if Lok Sabha or stateLegislative Assemblies are dissolved by the President or Governor before expiry of theterms of Lok Sabha or Legislative Assemblies.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Define Secret Ballot system.

Secret Ballot system refers to the secret ballot-when everyone chooses one’s owncandidate in secret as well as does not disclose one’s choice also, so that others couldnot pressurize the one.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the shortcomings of the Simple Majority System of Elections.

Simple Majority System of Elections declares the candidate to be winner even in thecase of not getting an absolute majority or if even more than 50% voters do not like thecandidate.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is Political Minority?

Political Minority refers to the opposition party. After elections, the party who getsmajority forms the government and other parties who do not get majority becomeopposition parties and known as political minority who enjoys the right to convertthemselves into political majority democratic methods.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What do you understand by Simple Majority Representation System?

The Simple Majority Representation System declares the candidate elected who securesvotes more than others. In this system to secure absolute majority is not necessary. Inthis system in the case of multi-cornered contests, candidate even with less than 50%votes is elected.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is Direct Method of Election?

In Direct Method of Election: A voter participates in election directly. A voter casts his vote to a candidate of one’s own choice. Secret method of ballot is used. Elected representatives hold the rein of government of the country.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is electoral behavior?

Through elections people participate in election process to determine who will holdpower. Hence, elections are visible expression of public interest which is determined byindividual’s own reasons and perceptions as well as his being a part of a group. Electoralbehavior depends on both short term and long term influences.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

“Indian democracy is now ready to shift from a crude First Past the Post system to a system of Proportional Representation”. Do you agree with this statement? Give your reasons for or against this statement.

Yes, I agree with the statement along with the following reasons: India enjoys a multi-party system including regional parties, hence to provide theshape to all the political parties, the proportional system is far better. Decentralization of power strengthens the sense of responsibility along withnational unity and integrity. Representation democracy makes the democracy more effective and trustworthy. It ensures the political parties to get seats along with proportionate votes. The election system has allowed the voters to change governments peacefully bothat the state and the national level. Voters have consistently keen interest to the election process. Hence, the numberof candidates and parties are continuously on rise.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

A former Chief Election Commissioner joined a political party and contested elections. There are various views on this issue. One view is that a former Election Commissioner is an independent citizen and has a right to join any political party and to contest election. According to the other view, leaving this possibility open can affect the impartiality of the Election Commission. So, former Election Commissioners must not be allowed to contest any elections. Which position do you agree with and why?

Election Commission of India is a constitutional independent body set for conductingelections of the Union Parliament, the state Legislative Assembly, President and VicePresident under the Article 324(i) of India Constitution. The Election Commission is animpartial agency to conduct free and fair elections in country. Hence, ElectionCommissioner must not be allowed to contest any election because it can affect theimpartiality of the Commission.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Here are some wishes expressed in a conference to discuss a constitution for a new country. Write against each of these whether FPTP or Proportional Representation system is more suited to meet each of these wishes.(a) People should clearly know who is their representative so that they can hold him or her personally accountable. (b) We have small linguistic minorities who are spread all over the country; we should ensure fair representation to them. (c) There should be no discrepancy between votes and seats for different parties. (d) People should be able to elect a good candidate even if they do not like his or her political party.

(a) FPTP(b) Proportional Representation(c) Proportional Representation(d) FPTP

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Indian electoral system aims at ensuring representation of socially disadvantaged sections. However, we are yet to have even 10 per cent women members in our legislatures. What measures would you suggest to improve the situation?

The Indian Constitution provides the reservation for SC’s and ST’s in our legislative’s. Butit lacks the similar reservation for disadvantaged groups. As there should be some morereservation for women through the constitutional amendment, which should not onlybe a proposal, but also be passed.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which of the following statements are incorrect? Identify and correct them by substituting, adding or rearranging only one word or phrase. (a) FPTP system is followed for all the elections in India. (b) Election Commission does not supervise Panchayat and Municipal elections. (c) President of India cannot remove an Election Commissioner. (d) Appointment of more than one Election Commissioner in the Election Commission is mandatory.

(a) This is incorrect, the correct statement is FPTP system is followed for all elections inIndia except election of the President, the Vice President and for the elections to theRajya Sabha and the Vidhan Parishad.(b) This is correct statement.(c) This is incorrect because the President can remove an Election Commissioner.(d) This is also incorrect. The correct statement is the appointment of more than oneElection Commissioner is not mandatory.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is the difference between the system of reservation of constituencies and the system of separate electorate? Why did the Constitution makers reject the latter?

There is much difference between the system of reservation of constituencies andsystem of separate electorate:Separate electorate system: It has been a curse to India.  The British started this system to divide votes between the Sikhs, the Muslims, andsome other minorities. These groups elected their own representatives by separate vote. In separate electorate system, the candidates are elected by those voters, whobelong to that particular community.System of reservation of constituencies: All voters are eligible to vote. Candidate must belong to a particular community for which seat is reserved. The constitution provides the reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha and the StateLegislative Assemblies. The constitution-makers rejected the latter because theywere aware that the system of separate electorate destroyed the spirit of nationalintegration.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

In the First Past the Post System, that candidate is declared winner who: (a) Secures the largest number of postal ballots. (b) Belongs to the party that has highest number of votes in the country. (c) Has more votes than any other candidate in the constituency. (d) Attains first position by securing more than 50% votes.

(C)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which of the following is common to the method of election of the members of Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha? (a) Every citizen above the age of 18 is an eligible voter. (b) Voter can give preference order for different candidates. (c) Every vote has equal value. (d) The winner must get more than half the votes.

(A)

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