Who were the Moderates, and what were their main demands?
GeneralClass 10CBSEAnswered 28 May 2026
Answer
The Moderates were early Indian National Congress leaders (1885–1905) who believed in achieving self-governance through peaceful, constitutional means within British law.
Leaders: Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Pherozeshah Mehta, Surendranath Banerjee.
Main demands:
- Indianization of the civil services (ICS)
- Expansion of Legislative Councils
- Reduction of military expenditure
- Freedom of press and speech
- Separation of judiciary and executive
- Economic critique Naoroji's "Drain of Wealth" theory
Later, the Extremists under Bal Gangadhar Tilak challenged this passive approach.
Summary: The Moderates were early Congress leaders who sought constitutional reforms through peaceful dialogue, focusing on Indian representation, civil rights, and economic justice.
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