What is the formula for calculating the velocity of a satellite?
GeneralClass 12AllAnswered 27 Mar 2026
Answer
For a satellite in circular orbit:
v = √(GM/r)
where G is gravitational constant, M is Earth's mass, and r is the distance from Earth's center (radius of Earth + altitude).
For low Earth orbit (~400 km altitude):
- Orbital velocity ≈ 7.7 km/s or 27,720 km/h
- Completes one orbit in about 90 minutes
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