What is semen?
BiologyClass 10CBSEAnswered 25 May 2026
Answer
Semen is the biological fluid produced by the male reproductive system, released during ejaculation. It serves as the transport medium for sperm cells.
Composition:
| Component | Source | Proportion | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sperm cells | Testes | 2–5% | Carry genetic material to fertilize an egg |
| Seminal fluid | Seminal vesicles | ~60–65% | Provides fructose (energy for sperm) |
| Prostatic fluid | Prostate gland | ~25–30% | Neutralizes vaginal acidity; contains enzymes |
| Bulbourethral fluid | Cowper's glands | Small amount | Lubricates urethra |
Facts:
- Average volume per ejaculation: 1.5–5 mL
- Average sperm count: 15–200 million sperm per mL
- Sperm lifespan inside the female reproductive tract: up to 5 days
- pH: slightly alkaline (7.2–8.0) — protects sperm in the acidic vaginal environment
Semen and urine both travel through the urethra but are released separately the prostate gland prevents simultaneous release.
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