What is a vaccine?
BiologyClass 10CBSEAnswered 28 May 2026
Answer
A vaccine is a biological preparation that trains the immune system to recognise and fight a specific pathogen without causing actual disease.
- Introduces a harmless antigen → immune system creates antibodies + memory cells.
- If real pathogen invades later → rapid, powerful immune response.
Examples: Polio vaccine, MMR, COVID-19 vaccine.
Vaccines have eradicated smallpox and nearly eliminated polio globally.
A vaccine stimulates the immune system to create memory cells against a pathogen, providing protection without causing disease.
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