What is a salt? Give the names and formulae of any two salts. Also name the acids and bases from which these salts may be obtained. (b) What is meant by 'a family of salts'? Explain with examples. (c) What is meant by 'hydrated' and 'anhydrous' salts? Explain with examples. (d) Write the names, formulae and colours of any two hydrated salts. What will be the colour of litmus in an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride salt?

• A salt is a compound when a metal replaces the hydrogen atom in an

Example: Sodium chloride NaCl; It is obtained from hydrochloric acid and sodium metal. Ammonium chloride NH4Cl; It is obtained from ammonia and hydrochloric acid.

• The salt having same positive ions are said to belong to a family of

Sodium chloride and sodium sulphate are the examples of family of salts

• The salts which contains water of crystallization are called hydrated salt Example: Copper sulphate crystals contain 5 molecules of water of crystallization
• Copper sulphate pentahydrate salt - Its chemical formula is CuSO4.5H2 It is blue in colour. Iron sulphate heptahydrate salt - Its chemical formula is FeSO4.7H2O. It is green in colour.
• Colour of litmus turns red in an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride