What happens to the water potential of a solution when more solute is added to it?
GeneralClass 12AllAnswered 27 Mar 2026
Answer
When more solute is added to a solution, its water potential decreases (becomes more negative). This occurs because:
- Solute particles reduce the free energy of water molecules
- The solute potential (Ψ<sub>s</sub>) becomes more negative
- Since Ψ<sub>w</sub> = Ψ<sub>s</sub> + Ψ<sub>p</sub>, a decrease in Ψ<sub>s</sub> decreases Ψ<sub>w</sub>
Formula: Ψ<sub>w</sub> = Ψ<sub>s</sub> + Ψ<sub>p</sub>
Principle: Pure water has the highest water potential (Ψ<sub>w</sub> = 0 at atmospheric pressure).
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