Name three modes of asexual reproduction in animals. Name an animal that shows two such modes of asexual reproduction.

Three common modes of asexual reproduction in animals are budding, fragmentation (regeneration), and binary fission. Budding involves the formation of a small outgrowth or bud on the parent's body, which develops into a new individual before detaching—seen in organisms like Hydra and certain sponges. Fragmentation occurs when an organism breaks into distinct pieces, each capable of regenerating into a complete individual, as observed in Planaria (flatworms) and some starfish species. Binary fission is the simplest form, where a single-celled organism divides into two identical daughter cells, typical of protozoans like Amoeba and Paramecium.

Hydra exemplifies an animal capable of reproducing through multiple asexual modes. Under favorable environmental conditions, Hydra primarily reproduces through budding, where small buds emerge from the parent's body, develop tentacles and a mouth, and eventually detach as independent organisms. However, Hydra can also reproduce through fragmentation—if accidentally cut or damaged into pieces, each fragment containing sufficient body cells can regenerate into a complete new Hydra. This reproductive flexibility allows Hydra to exploit optimal conditions through rapid budding when food is abundant, while also ensuring survival through regeneration if the organism is physically damaged. Some Planaria species similarly exhibit both fragmentation and a form of fission, demonstrating how reproductive versatility enhances survival across varying environmental challenges.