Name the organs where male and female gametes are formed in human beings.

In human beings, male gametes (sperms) are formed in the testes, while female gametes (eggs or ova) are formed in the ovaries. The testes are a pair of oval-shaped organs located outside the body cavity in the scrotum, where temperature remains approximately 2-3 degrees Celsius lower than core body temperature—a condition essential for healthy sperm production. Within each testis, millions of sperms are continuously manufactured in tightly coiled seminiferous tubules through the process of spermatogenesis, beginning at puberty and continuing throughout adult life.

The ovaries are a pair of almond-shaped organs located in the female pelvis, one on each side of the uterus. Unlike continuous sperm production in males, females are born with a lifetime supply of immature eggs contained in structures called follicles. Through the process of oogenesis, one follicle (occasionally more) matures each month during the reproductive years, releasing a mature egg during ovulation. While a female possesses hundreds of thousands of follicles at birth, only about 400-500 will actually complete maturation and be released during her reproductive lifespan. Both testes and ovaries serve dual functions: they are primary reproductive organs producing gametes and also function as endocrine glands secreting sex hormones (testosterone in males, estrogen and progesterone in females) that regulate reproductive functions, secondary sexual characteristics, and overall sexual development.