Name sex endocrine glands in the human body. Also name the hormones secreted by each one of the these glands.

The sex endocrine glands, also called gonads, are the organs specifically responsible for producing sex hormones and reproductive cells. In males, the sex endocrine glands are the testes (singular: testis), a pair of oval-shaped organs located in the scrotum outside the body cavity. In females, the sex endocrine glands are the ovaries, a pair of almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity on either side of the uterus. These glands have dual functions: producing gametes (sex cells) and secreting hormones that regulate sexual development, reproduction, and secondary sexual characteristics.

The testes produce several important hormones, with testosterone being the primary and most significant male sex hormone (androgen). Testosterone is responsible for developing and maintaining male secondary sexual characteristics including facial and body hair, deep voice, increased muscle mass, and bone density. It also regulates sperm production (spermatogenesis), sex drive (libido), and plays roles in mood and cognitive function. The testes also produce small amounts of other androgens such as dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and androstenedione, as well as trace amounts of estrogen. Additionally, the testes produce inhibin, which helps regulate sperm production through feedback to the pituitary gland.

The ovaries produce several key hormones, with estrogen (primarily estradiol) and progesterone being the two main female sex hormones. Estrogen is responsible for developing and maintaining female secondary sexual characteristics including breast development, wider hips, feminine fat distribution patterns, and maintenance of bone density. It regulates the menstrual cycle by promoting the buildup of the uterine lining (endometrium) during the first half of the cycle, and it plays important roles in cardiovascular health, skin condition, and mood. Progesterone is particularly important during the second half of the menstrual cycle and pregnancy; it maintains the uterine lining, prepares it for potential implantation of a fertilized egg, and supports pregnancy if conception occurs. The ovaries also produce smaller amounts of testosterone (which contributes to sex drive and energy) and inhibin (which regulates FSH secretion). These hormones don't work in isolation—they're part of a complex feedback system involving the hypothalamus and pituitary gland (the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis) that ensures coordinated regulation of reproductive function throughout life.