Differentiate between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells on the basis of: (a) Nucleus (b) Membrane-bound organelles (c) Nucleolus (d) Ribosomes (e) Plasmids
GeneralClass 12AllAnswered 27 Mar 2026
Answer
[Comprehensive table previously provided in question 22 - Section A]
Additional distinctions:
|
Feature |
Prokaryotic |
Eukaryotic |
|
Cell division |
Binary fission, budding |
Mitosis, meiosis |
|
DNA organization |
Not associated with histones (except Archaea) |
DNA-histone complexes (chromatin) |
|
Transcription-translation |
Coupled (simultaneous) |
Separated (transcription in nucleus, translation in cytoplasm) |
|
Gene structure |
No introns (continuous genes) |
Exons + introns (split genes, RNA splicing) |
|
Cell size |
Smaller (1–10 µm) |
Larger (10–100 µm) |
|
Metabolic diversity |
High (chemosynthesis, photosynthesis, etc.) |
Lower (mainly aerobic respiration, photosynthesis in plants) |
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