General Q&A for Class 12 · Page 32
5,215 free answers in General for Class 12 students, across CBSE, ICSE and State boards.
Question & Answer
Questions
- GeneralClass 12All
What is cellulose in biology?
Cellulose is a polymer made up of glucose molecules.Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms are found in the cellulose polymer.It is a polysaccharide found abundantly in nature. Chiefly found in the cell wall of the plant cell. Cellulose provides turgidity to the plant cell and helps in maintaining the shape of the plant intact.The primary cell wall of the plant has cellulose. It is biodegradable in nature and does not have any taste. Cellulase is the enzyme used by the organism to digest t
- GeneralClass 12All
What is a prion in biology?
Prions are the infectious agents made only from a protein coat. They completely lack genetic material and survive only as the cellular protein. These prions are infectious agents capable of causing disease in humans as well as animals. They do not infect the plants. These infectious protein particles are capable of triggering the healthy protein causing disease. Mad cow disease in the brain of a cow, scrapie disease in goats and sheep are a common example of prion disease.Prions are f
- GeneralClass 12All
What are vectors in biology?
Vector is used as a transport vehicle to transport the DNA segment into the host cell. Vectors are associated with molecular biology, wherein, using vectors we can replicate a gene or express a trait. A gene of interest can be inserted into the vector to replicate and create more copies of this gene of interest.Plasmid, cosmid are some examples of vectors used in molecular biology. Apart from molecular biology, vector is also used for those living organisms which transmit any infectious disea
- GeneralClass 12All
What is a codon in biology?
A sequence of DNA or RNA mainly composed of three nucleotides forming a unit together is called a codon in molecular biology.This nucleotide sequence corresponds with the specific amino acid or as a stop signal to stop the process of protein synthesis. Total 20 amino acids are present in nature and each of these 20 amino acids are coded by a specific three nucleotide sequence i.e codon. Four nucleotides -A,T,G and C are coded by three base pairs to compensate for the 20 amino ac
- GeneralClass 12All
What is pH in biology?
When we measure the concentration of Hydrogen ions and then determine the nature of solution as acidic, basic or neutral.pH here acts as the scale to measure the intensity of the acidic or basic nature of the solution. Negative log of concentration of hydrogen ions is taken to measure the pH of the solution. The lower the concentration of the hydrogen ions, higher is the pH and higher the concentration of hydrogen ions, lower is the pH of the solution. Here pH value of 7 is considered as neut
- GeneralClass 12All
What is Systematics in biology?
When we study the diversification and classification of organisms it comes under the branch of biology namely systematics. Systematics deals with classification and nomenclature of organisms.Specific traits of the organism are studied and the relation between these organisms are taken into consideration in systematics. Many times this branch of biology is studied in accordance with taxonomy. Within the field of taxonomy, identification is one the step to describe an organism.Org
- GeneralClass 12All
How does biological weathering takes place?
creatures' activities. By rendering rocks and rock particles biological weathering can, together with other types of weathering, lead to the progressive deterioration of rocks and rock particles. Numerous mechanisms exist for living things to influence the weathering process. Biological weathering can take one of two forms, depending on how rocks and rock fragments are broken down: physically or through chemicals and organic substances. Activities of plants and animals have a ph
- GeneralClass 12All
How many biological kingdoms are there in biology?
In biology organisms are classified into five kingdoms namely- Monera, protista, fungi, plantae and animalia.Earlier only two kingdoms were proposed namely plantae and animalia. But fungi were having traits that coincide with animalia, plantae kingdom both, there a need was felt to bifurcate the kingdoms into five. Robert Whitaker proposed Five kingdom classification, which includes five kingdoms namely-Monera, protista, fugi, plantae and animalia. These kingdoms are nothing but
- GeneralClass 12All
What is inspiration in biology?
Simply entering of air into the lungs by breathing in refers to inspiration. Air enters the lungs during the inspiration stage of breathing. The inspiratory muscles contract first and initiate the inspiration . The diaphragm flattens, lengthening the thoracic cavity's superior/inferior dimension. The sternum and ribs get raised by the external intercostal muscles, expanding the thoracic cavity's anterior/posterior dimension. The thoracic cavity's volume increases as
- GeneralClass 12All
What is cytoplasm in biology?
called cytoplasm. It remain enclosed within the boundaries of the cell membrane. Water, enzyme, salts and various ions remain suspended in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasm devoid of all the cell organelles is given a term called cytosol. Although the cytoplasm appears to be clear fluid, but Cytoskeleton remain suspended within the cytoplasm and provide a basic structural framework for the cell and cytoplasm both. FAQ What is the function of cytoplasm? </li
- GeneralClass 12All
What is identification in biology?
Within the field of taxonomy, identification is one the step to describe an organism.Organism is identified using morphological i.e external features or the anatomical features, i.e the internal cellular organization.Apart from identification, two more steps are involved in the field of taxonomy. Identification, nomenclature and classification are three core areas concerned with taxonomy to successfully classify and categorize organisms. Specific characteristics of an organism get rec
- GeneralClass 12All
What is Excretion in biology?
All living organisms need to maintain the normal functioning of the body. For this maintenance purposes living organisms perform four basic life processes namely- Nutrition, Respiration, Transportation and excretion.Thereby excretion is one of the life processes. Each of the life processes is connected very intricately to each other. When the body digests food and transports the nutrients throughout the body, there is some amount of waste that gets generated in our body. Thai waste is removed
- GeneralClass 12All
What is GIFT in biology?
Gamete intra- Fallopian transfer (GIFT) is a technique to overcome the infertility issues faces by some couples and help them produce healthy offspring. Ovum donated from the donor female or the ovum of the same female is collected and mixed with the sperm of the donor male. When the ovum and sperm have combined, both are successfully transferred to the fallopian tube of the female. Such females can provide conducive environment to the developing embryo, but cannot produce funct
- GeneralClass 12All
What is host in biology?
<p>A living thing that serves as a harbour for invasive pathogenic pathogens is referred to as a host. An organism that is parasitized or consumed by a pathogenic or parasitic organism (for example, a virus, nematode, fungus) is called a host.The host also refers to the living organs, tissues, and cells of a living creature. Humans, plants, and animals can all serve as hosts.<br /> Parasitism is any form of relationship between a parasite and its host. In this instance, the
- GeneralClass 12All
What is fusion in biology?
Fusion refers to merging and in terms of biology cell fusion is merging of unicellular cells to form multinucleated cells. When similar types of cells merge, a condition called syncytia occurs. Syncytia condition is commonly observed in bones and placenta. On the other hand when cells of different types fuse together a condition called synkaryon originates. To transform the nucleus of a somatic cell , the cell fusion is used to create hybrids and cybrids cells.
- GeneralClass 12All
What is imbibition in biology?
Imbibition is nothing but a type of diffusion in which the liquid get absorbed to the solids. The phenomenon of imbibition play role in various processes including germination.Imbibition causes increase in the volume of the solid due to absorption of water by solids. This increase in volume is many a times used to pave the way to spread the roots within the hard rock surface and enable the plant to have more hold over the soil surface.Just like diffusion the the phenomenon of of imbibition al
- GeneralClass 12All
What is kingdom in biology?
Robert whitaker proposed Five kingdom classification, which includes five kingdoms namely-Monera, protista, fugi, plantae and animalia. These kingdoms are nothing but the highest taxonomic ranks. Organisms were categorized as per their characteristic features, these groups are formed on basis of level of similarities. Amongst all the categories, kingdoms is the top most hierarchy. Kingdom is further composed of phylum for animals and divisions for plants. I
- GeneralClass 12All
What is bolus in biology?
A bolus, means "ball" in Latin, is a mixture of food and saliva that develops in the mouth during the chewing process and is used for digestion .Its colour is the same as the food being consumed, and saliva contributes to its alkaline pH.The bolus normally goes down the oesophagus to the stomach for digestion after being swallowed. Mastication, or chewing, is the first stage of digestion. During this stage, food is broken down, lubricated with saliva, and moulded into a cohesive mass
- GeneralClass 12All
What is chitin in biology?
Chitin is a polysaccharide composed of N-acetyl glucosamine.It is often mistaken as protein, but it is a polysaccharide .It is commonly found as the outer covering in some organisms like fungi, certain arthropods and molluscs. It chiefly acts as protecting membranes and providing mechanical support to the organisms. Chitin is a polymer very much similar to cellulose in structure and shares similarities with keratin in terms of function and is abundant in the exoskeleton of insec
- GeneralClass 12All
What is coelom in biology?
Organisms have some internal cavities which contain the organs inside it. Not all organs have clear cavities with well defined spaces. Instead lower organisms lack any kind of cities and are called Acoelomate such as porifera,Platyhelminthes. Phylum-like nematodes are pseudocoelomates having partial cavities inside. Phylum after nematoda , like Annelids, arthropods, vertebrates all are coelomates i.e have well defined cavities between the body wall and digestive tracts. Coelomates are