GK: Class 12 General Q&A · Page 38
3,658 free answers on GK (General) for Class 12 students, across CBSE, ICSE and State boards.
Question & Answer
Questions
- GeneralClass 12All
1 Feet in Inches
One foot equals 12 inches, a fundamental conversion in the imperial/US customary measurement system used primarily in the United States and a few other countries for expressing length and distance. This relationship is defined: 1 foot (ft) = 12 inches (in), making inches one-twelfth of a foot. Understanding this conversion is essential for working with measurements in construction, carpentry, interior design, engineering in countries using imperial units, and for converting between metric and
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Baking Soda Chemical Formula
The chemical formula for baking soda is NaHCO₃, representing sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate. Breaking down the formula: Na represents one sodium atom, H represents one hydrogen atom, C represents one carbon atom, and O₃ represents three oxygen atoms, all bonded together to form the compound. The molecular structure shows a sodium ion (Na⁺) ionically bonded to a bicarbonate ion (HCO₃⁻), which consists of hydrogen, carbon, and three oxygen atoms arranged in a specific geometry.
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Range
In mathematics and statistics, range has multiple meanings depending on context. In statistics, range is the simplest measure of dispersion or spread in a dataset, calculated as the difference between the maximum (highest) and minimum (lowest) values: Range = Maximum value - Minimum value. For example, in the dataset {3, 7, 12, 15, 20}, the range is 20 - 3 = 17. Range provides a quick sense of data spread but is sensitive to outliers (extreme values that can distort the measure), making it le
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Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate was a series of five successive Muslim dynasties that ruled much of northern India from 1206 to 1526, establishing the first extensive Islamic political entity in the Indian subcontinent. The five dynasties were: the Mamluk (Slave) Dynasty (1206-1290), founded by Qutb-ud-din Aibak after Muhammad Ghori's death; the Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320), under which Alauddin Khalji expanded the sultanate significantly; the Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414), known for Muhammad bin Tughlaq's a
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Bahadur Shah Zafar
Bahadur Shah Zafar (1775-1862) was the last Mughal emperor, ruling from 1837 to 1857, though his reign marked the final twilight of an empire that had lost most of its power to the British East India Company and regional powers. Born Mirza Abu Zafar Siraj-ud-din Muhammad, he was a cultured, refined individual—an accomplished Urdu and Persian poet, calligrapher, and patron of arts—whose reign was confined to nominal authority over Delhi and its immediate surroundings, while the Bri
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Mass of Proton
The mass of a proton is approximately 1.6726 × 10⁻²⁷ kilograms or 1.007276 atomic mass units (amu or u), making it about 1,836 times heavier than an electron but nearly equal in mass to a neutron. The proton is one of the three fundamental subatomic particles that comprise atoms (along with neutrons and electrons), carrying a positive electric charge equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the electron's negative charge. Protons reside in the atomic nucleus along with neutrons,
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Collar Bone
The collar bone, medically termed the clavicle, is a long, slender S-shaped bone extending horizontally between the sternum (breastbone) and the scapula (shoulder blade), forming part of the shoulder girdle. Each person has two clavicles, one on each side, easily felt beneath the skin in the upper chest area extending from the neck base toward the shoulders. The clavicle is one of the most frequently fractured bones in the human body, often injured during falls onto an outstretched hand or di
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Arunachal Pradesh Capital
Itanagar is the capital of Arunachal Pradesh, India's northeastern state bordering Bhutan, China, and Myanmar. Located in the foothills of the Himalayas at approximately 350 meters elevation in the Papum Pare district, Itanagar serves as the state's administrative, educational, and cultural center. The city's name derives from Ita Fort (meaning "fort of bricks"), a historical structure of 14th-15th century origin whose ruins still exist, suggesting the area's ancient historical significance,
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FIR Full Form
FIR stands for First Information Report, a written document prepared by police in India, Pakistan, and several other South Asian countries when they receive information about the commission of a cognizable offense (serious crimes like murder, theft, rape, kidnapping, etc., where police can arrest without a warrant and start investigation without court permission). The FIR is the first step in the criminal justice process, initiating formal police investigation into an alleged crime. Under Sec
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The Red Data Book Keeps a Record of All the
The Red Data Book (also known as Red List) keeps a record of all the endangered species of plants, animals, and other organisms that are threatened with extinction, maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). This comprehensive database categorizes species based on their conservation status using standardized criteria that assess population size, rate of decline, geographic range, and degree of population fragmentation. The IUCN Red List categories include: Extinc
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Mayday Meaning
"Mayday" is the internationally recognized radio distress signal used by aircraft and ships to indicate a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate assistance. The term was adopted in 1921 by Frederick Stanley Mockford, a senior radio officer at London's Croydon Airport, who was asked to devise a distress signal that would be easily understood by pilots and ground staff in international situations. He chose "mayday" from the French phrase "m'aidez" (pronounced "med-ay"), meaning "help me
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Wind
Wind is the movement of air from areas of high atmospheric pressure to areas of low atmospheric pressure, driven fundamentally by uneven heating of Earth's surface by the sun. When air is heated, it becomes less dense and rises, creating low pressure, while cooler air is denser and sinks, creating high pressure—this pressure difference causes air to flow from high to low pressure regions, which we experience as wind. The greater the pressure difference between two areas, the stronger th
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Perimeter of Square
The perimeter of a square is calculated using the formula: Perimeter = 4 × side, where 'side' represents the length of one side of the square. Since a square has four equal sides by definition, you simply multiply the length of one side by four to get the total distance around the square. For example, if a square has sides of 5 cm, its perimeter is 4 × 5 = 20 cm. This simple formula derives from the basic definition of perimeter as the total length of all sides of a polygo
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PH Full Form
pH stands for "potential of hydrogen" or "power of hydrogen," a numerical scale used to specify the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of an aqueous solution, ranging from 0 to 14, with 7 representing neutrality. Solutions with pH below 7 are acidic (higher concentration of hydrogen ions H⁺), while solutions with pH above 7 are basic or alkaline (higher concentration of hydroxide ions OH⁻). The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each unit change represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concent
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Thanksgiving 2025
Thanksgiving in the United States is celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November each year, which means in 2025, Thanksgiving will fall on November 27th. This annual holiday commemorates the harvest feast shared between the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag people in 1621, though the modern holiday has evolved into a broader celebration of gratitude, family, and national heritage. President Abraham Lincoln established Thanksgiving as a national holiday in 1863, fixing it to the last Thursday of No
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Why is Pure Acetic Acid Often Called Glacial Acetic Acid
Pure acetic acid (CH₃COOH, 100% concentration) is called glacial acetic acid because it solidifies into ice-like crystals at temperatures slightly below room temperature—specifically at 16.6°C (about 62°F). When pure acetic acid freezes, it forms clear, glass-like crystals resembling ice or glaciers, which is how the term "glacial" originated. This physical property distinguishes pure acetic acid from the dilute solutions commonly encountered in laboratories and households (like
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Simple Interest Formula
The simple interest formula is: SI = (P × R × T) / 100, where SI represents Simple Interest, P is the Principal amount (initial sum of money), R is the Rate of interest per annum (percentage), and T is the Time period (in years). Simple interest is the additional amount calculated on the original principal only, without compounding, making it straightforward to compute and understand compared to compound interest where interest is calculated on accumulated amount including previou
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10000 in Words
Ten thousand is the correct way to write 10,000 in words. In the Indian numbering system, this can also be expressed as ten thousand or one lakh when considering larger denominations, though 10,000 specifically equals ten thousand. Writing numbers in words is important for various contexts including writing checks, legal documents, formal correspondence, academic papers, and any situation where clarity and preventing alteration of figures is crucial. Understanding place values helps w
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Precipitation Meaning
Precipitation refers to any form of water—liquid or solid—that falls from clouds and reaches the Earth's surface, including rain, drizzle, snow, sleet, hail, and freezing rain. This process is a fundamental component of Earth's hydrological cycle, where water evaporates from surfaces (oceans, lakes, soil), forms water vapor in the atmosphere, condenses into clouds when air cools, and eventually falls back to Earth as precipitation when water droplets or ice crystals in clouds beco
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Peepal Tree
The peepal tree (Ficus religiosa), also known as sacred fig, bodhi tree, or ashvattha tree, is a large deciduous tree native to the Indian subcontinent, holding immense religious, cultural, and ecological significance in Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The tree is distinctive for its heart-shaped leaves with elongated drip tips that rustle in the slightest breeze, smooth gray bark, and ability to grow to massive sizes with expansive canopies providing extensive shade. The peepal is a hemiepi