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BiologyClass 10ICSE

One of the following organisms can live without oxygen of air. This organism is: (a) Amoeba (b) Yak (c) Yeast (d) Leech

BiologyClass 10ICSE

In one of the following organisms, the gaseous exchange during respiration does not take place through cell membrane/skin. This organism is: (a) Electric eel (b) Leech (c) Earthworm (d) Amoeba

Electric eel Electric eel is the organism in which the gaseous exchange during respiration occurs through mouth.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

One of the following animals does not use tracheae as the respiratory organs. This animal is: (a) grasshopper (b) prawn (c) mosquito (d) cockroach

prawn Prawn is an aquatic animal that respires through gills. Insects breathe through tracheae.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

The two organisms which breath only through their moist skin are: (a) fish and frog (b) frog and earthworm (c) leech and earthworm (d) fish and earthworm

(c) leech and earthworm Leech and earthworm breathe only through their moist skin. Other organisms given here breathe through lungs and skin.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following is known as the energy currency of the cells in biology? (a) DTP (b) PDP (c) ATP (d) DDT

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following statements are true about respiration? (i) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised. (ii) The gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli. (iii) Hemoglobin has a greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen. (iv) Alveoli increase the surface area of the exchange of gases (a) (i) and (iv) (b) (ii) and (iii) (c) (i) and (iii) (d) (ii) and (iv)

(ii) and (iv) Alveoli are the tiny air sacs that help in the exchange of gases. These are connected to tiny blood capillaries. They also increase the surface area of gases in order to ease the process of the exchange of gases.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following statements are correct? (i) pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast (ii) fermentation takes place in the case of aerobic bacteria (iii) fermentation takes place in mitochondria (iv) fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration (a) (i) and (iii) (b) (ii) and (iv) (c) (i) and (iv) (d) (ii) and (iii)

(i) and (iv) Fermentation takes place in the case of anaerobic bacteria and also in cytoplasm.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

During the deficiency of oxygen in tissues of human beings, pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid in: (a) cytoplasm (b) chloroplast (c) mitochondria (d) Golgi body

cytoplasm Pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid in cytoplasm in absence or deficiency of oxygen.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps in the legs of sprinters. This is due to the conversion of pyruvate to: (a) ethanol (b) carbon dioxide (c) acetic acid (d) lactic acid

lactic acid Lack of oxygen in muscles causes accumulation of lactic acid, due to anaerobic respiration. Accumulation of lactic acid leads to cramps in the legs of sprinters.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following is the correct sequence of air passage during inhalation? (a) Nostrils → larynx → pharynx → trachea → lungs (b) nasal passage → trachea → pharynx → larynx → alveoli (c) larynx → nostrils → pharynx → lungs (d) nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli

Nostrils → pharynx → larynx → trachea → alveoli The total sequence of air passage during inhalation is as follows: Nostrils → Nasal chambers → Pharynx → Larynx → Trachea → Bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveoli

BiologyClass 10ICSE

When air is blown from mouth into a test-tube containing lime water, the lime water turns milky due to the presence of: (a) oxygen (b) carbon dioxide (c) nitrogen (d) water vapor

carbon dioxide Lime water turns milky due to the presence of carbon dioxide in the exhaled air.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Internal respiration may be defined as: (a) breathing in and releasing of oxygen in the tissue (b) the oxidation of food substances to release energy (c) the building up (synthesis) of complex substances (d) getting rid of carbon dioxide that would accumulate in the tissues.

(b) The oxidation of food substances to release energy Internal respiration may be defined as the oxidation of food substances to release energy.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following increases in muscle cells when they are lacking in oxygen? (a) carbon dioxide (b) lactose (c) lactic acid (d) uric acid

lactic acid This is because, here, anaerobic respiration takes place in which glucose is converted into lactic acid.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following is correct for the process of anaerobic respiration? Carbon dioxide always produced A lot of energy released (a) No Yes (b) No No (c) Yes No (d) Yes Yes

No No There are two pathways through which anaerobic respiration occurs. In micro-organisms such as yeast, and in muscles during heavy physical exercise. Carbon dioxide is not released during process.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

• In one of the following organisms, the gaseous exchange during respiration does not take place through cell membrane/skin. This organism is: (a) Electric eel (b) Leech (c) Earthworm (d) Amoeba

Electric eel Electric eel is the organism in which the gaseous exchange during respiration occurs through mouth.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

During respiration, the exchange of gases takes place in: (a) bronchi (b) alveoli (c) bronchioles (d) trachea

(b) alveoli Alveoli are the pouch-like air sacs at the end of the small bronchioles, which send oxygen to all parts of the body through blood.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

• One of the following organisms can live without oxygen of air. This organism is: (a) Amoeba (b) Yak (c) Yeast (d) Leech

c) Yeast Yeast can live without the oxygen present in the air as it undergoes anaerobic respiration

BiologyClass 10ICSE

Which of the following is not produced during anaerobic respiration in unicellular fungus? (a) C2H5OH (b) H2O (c) CO2 (d) ATP

(b) H2O Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen. Hence water molecule is not released.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

48. a) Why is diffusion insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of large multicellular organisms like humans? (b) What type of arrangement exists in the bodies of large animals to meet their oxygen requirements adequately? (c) What advantage a terrestrial animal has over an aquatic animal with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration?

In multicellular organisms like humans the transport of oxygen by diffusion is more as compared to other unicellular organisms. Due to a large number of cells and the huge size of the body the oxygen cannot diffuse quickly into all cells of the body. In unicellular organisms, the size of the organism is small and the cell present is also singular. Hence, diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of large multicellular organisms like humans. In large animals, the blood circulatory system contains hemoglobin which carries blood to all parts of the body. A terrestrial animal has over an aquatic animal with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration. It’s because the air in the atmosphere contains the maximum amount of Aquatic animals have only dissolved oxygen in water which is in minimal amount. Hence, terrestrial animal has over an aquatic animal with regard to obtaining oxygen for respiration.

BiologyClass 10ICSE

48. (a) "Respiration is a vital function of the body". Justify the statements. (b) What is the main difference between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? Give one example of each. What type of respiration takes place (i) in yeast, and (ii) in humans?

Respiration is a vital function of the body because it provides energy for carrying out all the life processes that are necessary to keep the organisms alive. Most living things need oxygen to obtain energy from This oxygen reacts with the food molecules present in the body cells and burns them slowly to release energy. This energy is stored as ATP molecules in the cells. The process of releasing energy from food is called respiration. Aerobic Respiration Anaerobic Respiration It takes place in the presence of oxygen. It takes place in the absence of oxygen. A complete breakdown of food occurs in aerobic respiration. A partial breakdown of food occurs in anaerobic respiration. The end products are carbon dioxide and water. The end products may be ethanol and carbon dioxide (as in yeast cells) or lactic acid (as in muscle cells). It produces a considerable amount of energy. Much less energy is produced in anaerobic respiration. (i) Anaerobic respiration takes place in (ii) Aerobic respiration takes place in humans.

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