Name the group of plants which produce seeds but not fruits.

Gymnosperms are the group of plants that produce seeds but not fruits, with their seeds developing exposed on the surface of cone scales or similar structures rather than being enclosed within a protective fruit wall. The name "gymnosperm" derives from Greek words meaning "naked seed," directly referring to this characteristic feature that distinguishes them from flowering plants. Common examples include conifers like pine, fir, spruce, and cedar trees, as well as cycads, ginkgo, and gnetophytes—all of which bear their seeds openly on modified leaves or cone structures.

This reproductive strategy evolved before the development of flowers and fruits, making gymnosperms an ancient lineage that dominated Earth's landscapes during the Mesozoic Era alongside dinosaurs. Instead of the colorful flowers and fleshy fruits used by angiosperms to attract pollinators and seed dispersers, gymnosperms typically rely on wind for pollination and produce cones with woody or papery scales that protect developing seeds. The lack of fruit doesn't disadvantage these plants—gymnosperms remain highly successful, particularly in temperate and boreal forests, and include some of the world's tallest, oldest, and most economically valuable trees used for timber, paper, and resin production.