How is manganese extracted from manganese dioxide, MnO2? Explain with the help of an equation.

Manganese metal is extracted by the reduction of its oxide with aluminium powder as the reducing agent. Thus, when manganese dioxide is heated with aluminium powder, then manganese metal is formed.

3MnO2(s) + 4Al(s) → 3Mn(l) + 2Al2O3 + Heat