How do industries pollute the environment?

Industries are responsible for four types of pollution:

1. Air
2. Water
3. Land
4. Noise

Air pollution is caused by the presence of a high proportion of undesirable gases, such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide and airborne particulate matter.

Water pollution is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharged into water bodies. Paper, refineries and tanneries are the main culprits.

Soil and water pollution are closely related. The dumping of waste makes the soil useless for agricultural activities. The pollutants then reach the groundwater through the soil and contaminate it.

Noise pollution is caused by industrial machinery and construction activities.