(a) Name the raw materials required for photosynthesis. How do plants obtain these raw materials? (b) What are the various conditions necessary for photosynthesis? (c) Name the various factors which affect the rate of photosynthesis in plants.

Answer

• The raw materials needed for photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide to plants is obtained by the leaves. The stomatal pores present on the leaves helps in the exchange of gases. The water from the soil reaches the leaves by the tissue called The root hairs on the root absorb water from the soil and through osmosis the water is transported to leaves through the tissue xylem. Xylem is the fundamental tissue for the transportation of water in plants. Chlorophyll is a pigment that can absorb solar energy in plants.
• The various conditions necessary for photosynthesis are sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide and water. The photosynthesis takes place on the green leaves of the plant. The exchange of gases takes place through the stomatal pores present on the The water from the soil reaches the leaves by the tissue called Xylem. Chlorophyll is a pigment that can absorb solar energy in plants. It is present in the leaves of the plant. This involves the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.
• The factors that affect photosynthesis are:
  • Light: Only in the presence of sunlight the process of photosynthesis This process mainly occurs during the day time.
  • Carbon dioxide: It is the raw material for photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide breaks into its respective sugar components using the chemical energy and the food is stored in the form of energy.
  • Water: The water from the soil reaches the leaves by the tissue called The root hairs on the root absorb water from the soil and through osmosis the water is transported to leaves through the tissue xylem. The excess of water in the plants is lost through transpiration.

• Temperature: The rate of photosynthesis is less when the temperature is low. The rate of photosynthesis is proportional to Higher the temperature, the higher is the rate of photosynthesis.

Minerals: The other minerals required by the plants are Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium. These minerals play a major role in the growth and providing nutrients to plants.