38.  What constitutes the central and peripheral nervous systems? How are the components of the central nervous system protected?

Soln:

The central nervous system comprises of brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system is composed of nerves which are outside the spinal cord.

The central nervous system has a well-developed system for its protection. The brain is enclosed in a hard shell known as the skull. The spinal cord is enclosed in the vertebral column for its protection. Along with these, there is a cerebrospinal fluid which protects the brain from mechanical shocks.