Heredity and Evolution

The process of natural selection results in:

1. Elimination of all variations
2. Survival of organisms with favourable variations
3. Creation of identical organisms
4. Stopping evolution

The number of chromosomes in human body cells is:

1. 23
2. 46
3. 44
4. 92

Homologous organs have:

1. Similar structure and different functions
2. Different structures and similar functions
3. No relationship
4. Same function only

Which of the following provides evidence for evolution?

1. Fossils
2. Digestion
3. Respiration
4. Photosynthesis

A sudden change in DNA sequence is called:

1. Variation
2. Mutation
3. Adaptation
4. Selection

Which structure carries genes?

1. Ribosomes
2. Chromosomes
3. Mitochondria
4. Cell membrane

Which scientist proposed the theory of natural selection?

1. Mendel
2. Darwin
3. Lamarck
4. Newton

The process by which new species develop is called:

1. Respiration
2. Evolution
3. Digestion
4. Reproduction

Which of the following is an example of acquired traits?

1. Eye colour
2. Blood group
3. Muscular body developed by exercise
4. Natural hair colour

The genetic material present in chromosomes is:

1. Protein
2. RNA
3. DNA
4. Lipid

A trait that appears in the first generation of offspring is called:

1. Recessive trait
2. Dominant trait
3. Acquired trait
4. Mutated trait

In humans, the sex of a child is determined by:

1. Mother only
2. Father only
3. Both parents equally
4. Environmental factors

The basic unit of heredity is:

1. Cell
2. Tissue
3. Gene
4. Chromosome

The transmission of characters from parents to offspring is called:

1. Variation
2. Heredity
3. Evolution
4. Adaptation

How does variation contribute to evolution?

1. It reduces adaptability of species
2. It prevents natural selection
3. It provides traits that may help organisms survive environmental changes
4. It eliminates diversity

Why are acquired traits generally not inherited by offspring?

1. They do not affect body cells
2. They do not cause changes in reproductive cell DNA
3. They increase evolution speed
4. They are always dominant

Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection?

1. Gregor Mendel
2. Charles Darwin
3. Watson
4. Pasteur

What is the primary source of variation in sexually reproducing organisms?

1. Cloning
2. Genetic recombination
3. Binary fission
4. Budding

Which molecule carries genetic information in living organisms?

1. Protein
2. DNA
3. Starch
4. Lipid

What is variation?

1. Similarity among all organisms
2. Differences in traits among individuals of a species
3. Cell division process
4. Type of reproduction

Which trait appeared dominant in Mendel's pea plant experiments?

1. Wrinkled seeds
2. Green seeds
3. Tall plant height
4. White flowers

What are genes?

1. Parts of the cell membrane
2. Units of heredity located on chromosomes
3. Blood cells
4. Digestive enzymes

Who is known as the Father of Genetics?

1. Charles Darwin
2. Gregor Mendel
3. Louis Pasteur
4. Robert Hooke

What is heredity?

1. Study of diseases
2. Transmission of traits from parents to offspring
3. Formation of cells
4. Process of digestion