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ChemistryClass 10ICSE

(a) Potassium chlorate (KClO3) on heating forms potassium chloride and oxygen. Write a balanced equation for this reaction and indicate the evolution of gas. (b) Rewrite the following information in the form of a balanced chemical equation: Magnesium burns in carbon dioxide to form magnesium oxide and carbon.

(a) 2KClO3 (s) → 2KCl (s) + 3O2 (g) (b) 2Mg + CO2 → 2MgO + C

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Carbon monoxide reacts with hydrogen under certain conditions to form methanol (CH3OH). Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction indicating the physical states of reactants and product as well as the conditions under which this reaction takes place.

CO(g) + 2H2(g) → CH3OH Pressure: 300atm Temperature: 300℃ Catalyst: zinc oxide and chromium oxide

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions, and add the state symbols: (a) Magnesium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce magnesium chloride, carbon dioxide and water. Sodium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid to produce sodium sulphate and water.

MgCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) →MgCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l) 2NaOH (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) →Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O (l)

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Aluminium hydroxide reacts with sulphuric acid to form aluminium sulphate and water. Write a balanced equation for this reaction. (b) Balance the following chemical equation: MnO2 + HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + H2O

(a) 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O (b) MnO2 + 4HCl → MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Write any two observations in an activity which may suggest that a chemical reaction has taken place. Give an example in support of your answer

Change in temperature When calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to produce calcium hydroxide a large amount of heat is evolved and thus temperature of the system increases hence it confirms that a chemical reaction has been taken place. Gas evolution When calcium carbonate is heated it decomposes into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. Here carbon dioxide is a gas and thus confirms a chemical reaction

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

(a) Explain, with example, how the physical states of the reactants and products can be shown in a chemical equation. (a) Balance the following equation and add state symbols: Zn + HCl → ZnCl2 + H2 (b) Convey the following information in the form of a balanced chemical equation: "An aqueous solution of ferrous sulphate reacts with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to form a precipitate of ferrous hydroxide and sodium sulphate remains in solution."

The physical state of the reactants and products in a chemical reaction can be shown by using the letters in the round brackets if it is solid then (s) liquid (l) gas (g) and aqueous (aq) Example: Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3 (s) + H2O (l) Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) FeSO4(aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → Fe(OH)2 (s) + Na2SO4 (aq)

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced? b) Aluminium burns in chlorine to form aluminium chloride (AlCl3). Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. c) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction.

A chemical equation can be written by balancing total number of atoms of each element in reactants and A chemical equation should be balanced so that it can follow Law of conservation of mass. 2Al + 3Cl2 → 2AlCl3 2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

What are the various ways in which a chemical equation can be made more informative? Give examples to illustrate your answer. (b) Write balanced chemical equation from the following information: An aqueous calcium hydroxide solution (lime water) reacts with carbon dioxide gas to produce a solid calcium carbonate precipitate and water.

(a) Ca(OH)2 (aq)+ CO2 (g)---3000°C →CaCO3(s)+H2O(l) A chemical equation can be informative by 1) The chemical states is indicated by (s) for solids, (l) for liquids and (g) for gases and (aq) for aqueous solution 2) Temperature written on the above of arrow 3) Arrow upwards shows compound or any gas formed escaped or liberated 4) Arrow downwards shows precipitated 5) Heat is written on reactant side to indicate exothermic and when on written product side it will be endothermic b) Ca(

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

When hydrogen is passed over copper oxide, copper and steam are formed. Write a balanced equation for this reaction and state which of the chemicals are: (i) Elements (ii) Compounds (iii) Reactants (iv) Products (v) Metals Non-metals

Solutions: H2 + CuO→ Cu + H2O Elements : H2 and Cu Compounds : CuO and H2O Reactants: H2 and CuO Products: Cu and H2O Metal: Cu Non-metal: H2

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

What is a chemical equation? Explain with the help of an example. (b) Giving examples, state the difference between balanced and unbalanced chemical equations. (c) Balance the following chemical equations: (i) NH3 → N2 + H2 (ii) C +CO2→ CO

(a) Solutions: Chemical equations are the symbolic representation of chemical reactions in which the reactants and products are expressed in terms of chemical formulae. Reactant entities are given on the left side and product entities are given on the right side of a chemical equation Example: Zn + H2SO4→ZnSO4 + H2 A balanced chemical equation is always energy and mass conservative whereas un

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

(a) Give one example of a chemical reaction. (b) State two characteristics of the chemical reaction which takes place when dilute sulphuric acid is poured over zinc granules. (c) Give two characteristics of the chemical reaction which occurs on adding potassium iodide solution to lead nitrate solution.

A chemical reaction results in new substances by undergoing certain reactions and There will be reactants on the left hand side and products on the right hand side. An example for chemical reaction is An example of combustion is methane + oxygen forms carbon dioxide and water. This can be written as a balanced symbol equation: CH4 + 2O2 →CO2 + 2H2O When dilute sulphuric acid is poured over zinc granules heat will libe

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Fill in the following blanks with suitable words: (a) Chemical equations are balanced to satisfy the law of . A solution made in water is known as an solution and indicated by the symbo

Conservation of mass Aqueous; (aq)

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Balance the following equations: (i) Na + O2 → Na2O (ii) H2O2→ H2O + O2 (iii) Mg(OH)2 + HCl → MgCl2 +H2O (iv) Fe +O2 → Fe2O3 (v) Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 +H2O (vi) NH3 + CuO → Cu +N2 +H2O (vii) Al2(SO4)3 + NaOH → Al(OH)3 + Na2SO4 (viii) HNO3 +Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 (ix) NaOH +H2SO4 → Na2SO4 +H2O (x) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 +HCl

4Na + O2 → 2Na2O 2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2 Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2 4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3 2Al(OH)3 → Al2O3 + 3H2O 2NH3 + 3CuO → 3Cu + N2 + 3H2O Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH → 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2→ Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2SO

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Write complete balanced equations for the following reactions: (a) Calcium (solid) + Water (liquid) →Calcium hydroxide (solution) + Hydrogen (gas) Sulphur dioxide (gas) + Oxygen (gas) → Sulphur trioxide (gas)

Ca (s) + 2H2O (l) → Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2 (g) 2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2SO3 (g)

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

1. Correct and balance the following equations: (i) Ca + H2O → CaOH + H (ii) N + H → NH3

Ca + 2H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2 N2 + 3H2 →2NH3

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Complete and balance the following equations: (a) NaOH + → Na2SO4 + H2O (b) Ca(OH)2 + → CaCO3 + H2O

2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: (a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water (b) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O 2Al + 3CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3Cu

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance the equations: (a) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide. (b) Phosphorus burns in oxygen to give phosphorus pentoxide. (c) Carbon disulphate burns in air to give carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide. (d) Aluminium metal replaces iron from ferric oxide, Fe2O3, giving aluminium oxide and iron. (e) Barium chloride reacts with zinc sulphate to give zinc chloride and barium sulphate.

2H2S + 3O2 → 2H2O + 2SO2 P4 + 5O2 → 2P2O5 CS2 + 3O2 → CO2 + 2SO2 2Al + Fe2O3 →Al2O3 + 2Fe BaCl2 + ZnSO4 →ZnCl2 + BaSO4

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

How will you indicate the following effects in a chemical equation? (a) A solution made in water (b) Exothermic reaction Endothermic reaction

The solution made in water can be indicated by the symbol (aq) which shows it is aqueous An exothermic reaction can be indicated by Heat, heat energy or energy on the product side An endothermic reaction can be indicated by Heat, heat energy or energy on the reactant side

ChemistryClass 10ICSE

Why is photosynthesis considered an endothermic reaction?

Endothermic reactions are those which heat is absorbed in the reaction. As we know that photosynthesis is a process that green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize food from carbon dioxide and water and turns to oxygen and glucose. Plants absorb direct energy from sun thus considered photosynthesis as endothermic reaction

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