Read the provisions of the 73rd Amendment. Which of the following concerns does this amendment address? (a) Fear of replacement makes representatives accountable to the people. (b) The dominant castes and feudal landlords dominate the local bodies. (c) Rural illiteracy is very high. Illiterate people cannot take decisions about the development of the village. (d) To be effective the village panchayats need resources and powers to make plans for the village development.

(a) After 73rd Amendment Act, 1993:
 It is mandatory to hold elections after every five years.
 If the state government dissolves the panchayats before the completion of term,
fresh elections must take place within six months.
(b) Reservation for SCs, STs, and women have been provided.
The women have reservation of 1/3 seats in local bodies.
SCs and STs have been given proportion accordingly to their population of that
particular area.
Hence, dominance of feudal lords and dominant classes has come to an end.
(c) In the eleventh schedule of the constitution, 29 subjects have been given to
localbodies in 1992.
Primary and secondary education is the part of this list to make the people literate
in village.
The state government would shoulder the responsibility. .
(d) The panchayats have been given powers to levy, collect taxes, duties and fees
according to state government’s provision.
The provisions for the establishment of a state finance commission have also been
made to review the finances of panchayats and to make recommendations also.