Discuss the developments that took place in Britain and in other parts of the world in the eighteenth century that encouraged industrialisation.

Developments in Britain

• Population of town was increasing rapidly.
• London was the largest town in Britain. It had become centre of global trade. It had also established its trade relations with Africa and West Indies.
• The companies trading in America and Asia opened their offices in London.
• Banking facilities also developed.
• New machines for textile industry, silk industry, iron industry and coal industry were also invented.
• Raw material was imported from the countries outside England and finished cloth was exported.
• Railway lines were laid and steam engine was invented.
• The big farmers made large estates by fencing around the meadows and pasture land and also bought the lands of smaller farmers nearby their property. They installed factories in their estates and became rich.
• Landless labourers left their villages and settled in urban slums in order to work in factories there.
• Exploitation of men, women and children in factories started. Developments in other parts of the world
• Slaves were bought from Africa to get the work done in factories by them. British colonialism started in Africa.
• Raw material was imported from Asia, Africa and America. Consequentially, the local industries got closed there.
• In Britain, goods were manufactured on large scale due to the inventions of new machine. It was also cheaper than the goods produced manually in other parts of the world. Now British goods were sold in abundance.