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Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

What are the significant features of the National Population Policy 2000?

Recognising that the planning of families would improve individual health and welfare, the Government of India initiated a comprehensive Family Planning Programme in 1952. The Family Welfare Programme has sought to promote responsible and planned parenthood on a voluntary basis. The National Population Policy (NDP) 2000 is a culmination of years of planned efforts. The NPP 2000 provides a policy framework for imparting free and compulsory school education up to 14 years of age, reducing the infant mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live births, achieving universal immunisation of children against all vaccine-preventable diseases, promoting delayed marriage for girls and making family welfare a people-centred programme.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

What is the relation between occupational structure and development?

The higher percentage of the population involved in primary occupations like agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry and fishing implies a less developed country. We see more development in countries where people move into secondary occupations like manufacturing. A high percentage of the population involved in a tertiary occupation like banking, commerce, transport, and administration implies a highly developed country.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

How is migration a determinant factor of population change?

Because it changes the demographics of a country.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Distinguish between population growth and population change.

Population growth: Increase in the number of inhabitants of a region during a specific time period. Birth rate and migration are the major causes of population growth. Population change: During a specific time period, it is the change in the distribution, composition or size of the population. Birth rate, migration, and emigration are the major causes of population change.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Define age structure, death rate and birth rate.

Age structure: Refers to the number of people in different age groups in that population. Death Rate: The number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. Birth Rate: The number of live births per thousand persons in a year.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Discuss the major components of population growth.

Birth rate Death rate Migration

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Why is the rate of population growth in India declining since 1981?

The decline is due to greater awareness and usage of birth control measures.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

According to the Census, a “literate” person is one who (a) can read and write his/her name (b) can read and write any language (c) is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding (d) knows the 3 ‘R’s (reading, writing, arithmetic)

Answer: Is 7 years old and can read and write any language with understanding.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

The magnitude of population growth refers to (a) the total population of area (b) the number of persons added each year (c) the rate at which the population increases (d) the number of females per thousand males

the number of persons added each year

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

A large proportion of children in a population is a result of (a) high birth rates (b) high life expectancies (c) high death rates (d) more married couples

High birth rates.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Migrations change the number, distribution and composition of the population in (a) the area of departure (b) the area of arrival (c) both the area of arrival and departure (d) None of the above

Both the area of arrival and departure.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

What are the non-farm production activities taking place in your region? Make a short list.

he non-farm production activities taking place in our region are as follow: Dairy Transportation General Stores Fishing Mining

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

What can be done so that more non-farm production activities can be started in villages?

To promote more non-farm production activities in villages, the following steps can be taken: Loans must be available for people at lower interest rates so that they can start the non-farm production activities. Proper markets should be set up so that the produced goods can be sold. The concerned authorities must set up better transportation between cities and villages so that the produced goods can be transported to cities and more money can be earned through the non-farming activities.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

. Talk to some old residents in your region and write a short report on the changes in irrigation and changes in production methods during the last 30 years.

Answer: Students must do this activity and write an answer based on their own observation.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

On what terms did Savita get a loan from Tejpal Singh? Would Savita’s condition be different if she could get a loan from the bank at a low rate of interest?

Savita got a loan from Tejpal Singh at the rate of interest of 24 per cent for four months and also had to work for Tejpal Singh as a farm labourer at the wage of Rs 100 per day during the harvest season. The case would have been different if Savita had taken the loan from a bank. The rate of interest would have been lesser than what was asked by Tejpal Singh and also she would have been able to pay complete attention to her own field during the time of harvest.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

How do the medium and large farmers obtain capital for farming? How is it different from the small farmers?

Large and medium farmers sell surplus farm products from a part of their produce. A part of the earnings is saved and kept for buying capital for the next season. A few of them give away the savings to small farmers and loans at high interest rates and get back the amount by the next season. Thus, they are able to arrange for the capital for farming from their own savings. Some farmers might also use the savings to buy cattle, trucks, or to set up shops.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Describe the work of a farmer with 1 hectare of land.

A farmer with 1 hectare of land will be called a small farmer. Since the area for cultivation is small, the outcome may also not be high. So, in order to be able to get the best possible yield, the farmer needs money. This money is borrowed from a moneylender at a high interest rate and at times may also have to work as a farm labourer for the moneylender. Once the farm is cultivated, the produce has to be divided for personal use and for selling in the market. Whatever profit is earned, the farmer has to usually give it away to the moneylender, and little money is left for the use of the farmer himself. The only help a small farmer gets is that of his family members.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

What are the different ways of increasing production on the same piece of land? Use examples to explain.

To grow more than one crop on a piece of land during the year is known as multiple cropping. It is the most common way of increasing production on a given piece of land. The best example of this is the cultivation in Palampur. In Palampur, jowar and bajra grow during the rainy season, followed by potato between October and December, and during the winter season, wheat is sown in the fields. The main reason for this is the well-developed system of irrigation.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

In your region, talk to two labourers. Choose either farm labourers or labourers working at construction sites. What wages do they get? Are they paid in cash or kind? Do they get work regularly? Are they in debt?

Students must do this activity themselves and answer the question based on their survey.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Why are the wages for farm labourers in Palampur less than minimum wages?

There are many landless farm labourers who are paid less than the minimum wages in Palampur. The Government-declared wage for a farm labourer is Rs 300 per day, but the competition for work among the farm labourers is very high, which is why people agree to work for lower wages.

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