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Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

(iii) In which of the following state is the Simlipal bio-reserve located? (a) Punjab, (b) Delhi, (c) Odisha, (d) West Bengal

Answer: (c) Odisha

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

(ii) Cinchona trees are found in areas of rainfall more than (a) 100 cm, (b) 70 cm, (c) 50 cm, (d) less than 50 cm

Answer: (a) 100 cm

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Which of the following types of vegetation does rubber belong to? (a) Tundra, (b) Himalayan, (c) Tidal, (d) Tropical Evergreen

Answer: (d) Tropical Evergreen

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Compare the east-flowing and the west-flowing rivers of the Peninsular plateau.

West flowing rivers There are only 2 long West flowing rivers – Narmada and Tapi. They flow into the Arabian Sea. They have a lesser number of tributaries. Form estuaries. Carry lesser sediments. East flowing rivers: Many major rivers, Mahanadi, Cauvery, Godavari, Krishna, etc. They flow into the Bay of Bengal. Have many tributaries. Forms Deltas. Carry larger sediments than West flowing rivers.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Discuss the significant difference between the Himalayan and the Peninsular rivers.

Himalayan Rivers These are perennial rivers. Receive water from Rain and Snowfall. Peninsular Rivers These are seasonal rivers. Dependent on rainfall. During dry seasons, the rivers get dried up.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Below are given names of a few lakes of India. Group them under two categories – natural and created by human beings. (a) Wular (b) Dal (c) Nainital (d) Bhimtal (e) Gobind Sagar (f) Loktak (g) Barapani (h) Chilika (i) Sambhar (j) Rana Pratap Sagar (k) Nizam Sagar (l) Pulicat (m) Nagarjuna Sagar (n) Hirakund

Natural Lakes Wular Dal Nainital Bhimtal Loktal Chilika Pulicat Sambhar Barapani Human-made Lakes Gobind Sagar Rana Pratap Sagar Nizam Sagar Nagarjuan Sagar Hirakud

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

State some economic benefits of rivers and lakes.

Rivers have been of fundamental importance throughout human history. Water from rivers is a basic natural resource, essential for various human activities. Therefore, riverbanks have attracted settlers from ancient times. Using rivers for irrigation, navigation and hydropower generation is of special significance — particularly to a country like India, where agriculture is the major source of livelihood for the majority of its population.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Which two Peninsular rivers flow through a trough?

Narmada and Tapi are the two Peninsular rivers that flow through a trough.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Why does the Brahmaputra in its Tibetan part have less silt, despite a longer course?

In Tibet, the river carries a smaller volume of water and less silt, as it is a cold and dry area. In India, it passes through a region of high rainfall. Hence, the river carries a large volume of water and a considerable amount of silt.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Name the two headstreams of the Ganga. Where do they meet to form the Ganga?

The two headstreams of the Ganga are Alaknanda and Bhagirathi. They both meet to form Ganga at Devprayag.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Where do the rivers Indus and Ganga have their origin?

Indus River origin – Near Manasarovar Lake, Tibet Ganga River origin – Gangotri glacier in Uttaranchal

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Which is the largest river basin in India?

The Ganga River Basin is the largest river basin in India.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Answer the following questions briefly. (i) What is meant by a water divide? Give an example.

Any elevated area, such as a mountain or an upland, which separates two drainage basins is called an upland. Such an upland is also known as a water divide. For example, the water divide between the Indus and the Ganga River Systems.

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Which one amongst the following rivers flows through a rift valley? (a) Mahanadi (b) Krishna (c) Tungabhadra (d) Tapi

Tapi

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Which one of the following is the longest river in Peninsular India? (a) Narmada (b) Godavari (c) Krishna (d) Mahanadi

Godavari

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Which one of the following lakes is a saltwater lake? (a) Sambhar (b) Wular (c) Dal (d) Gobind Sagar

Sambhar

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

(ii) The river Narmada has its source at (a) Satpura (b) Amarkantak (c) Brahmagiri (d) Slopes of the Western Ghat

Amarkantak

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

(i) In which of the following states is the Wular lake located? (a) Rajasthan (b) Punjab (c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Jammu and Kashmir

Jammu and Kashmir

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.

The Monsoon, unlike the trades, is not a steady wind but is pulsating in nature, affected by different atmospheric conditions encountered by it on its way over the warm tropical seas. The duration of the monsoon is between 100-120 days from early June to mid-September. Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increases suddenly and constantly continues for several days. This is known as the ‘burst’ of the monsoon and can be distinguished from the pre-monsoon showers. The monsoon arrives at the southern tip of the Indian peninsula, generally by the first week of June. Subsequently, it proceeds into two: the Arabian Sea branch and the Bay of Bengal branch. The Arabian Sea branch reaches Mumbai about ten days later on approximately the 10th of June. This is a fairly rapid advance. The Bay of Bengal branch also advances rapidly and arrives in Assam in the first week of June. The lofty mountains cause the monsoon winds to deflect towards the west over the Ganga Plains. By mid-June, the Arabian Sea branch of the monsoon arrives over Saurashtra-Kachchh and the central part of the country. The Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal branches of the monsoon merge over the northwestern part of the Ganga Plains. Delhi generally receives the monsoon showers from the Bay of Bengal branch by the end of June (tentative date is 29th of June). By the first week of July, western Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana and eastern Rajasthan experience the monsoon. By mid-July, the monsoon reaches Himachal Pradesh and the rest of the country

Social StudiesClass 9CBSE

Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.

The cold weather season begins in mid-November in northern India and stays till February. December and January are the coldest months in the northern part of India. The temperature decreases as we go from the south to the north. The average temperature in Chennai, on the eastern coast, is between 24°-25° Celsius. At the same time, in the northern plains, it ranges between 10°C and 15° Celsius. Here, the days are warm, and the nights are cold. Frost is common in the north, and the higher slopes of the Himalayas experience snowfall. During this season, the northeast trade winds prevail over the country. They blow from land to sea, and hence, for the most part of the country, it is a dry season. Some amount of rainfall occurs on the Tamil Nadu coast from these winds as here they blow from sea to land. In the northern part of the country, a feeble high-pressure region develops, with light winds moving outwards from this area. Influenced by the relief, these winds blow through the Ganga Valley from the west and the northwest. The weather is normally marked by clear sky, low temperatures and low humidity and feeble, variable winds. A characteristic feature of the cold weather season over the northern plains is the inflow of cyclonic disturbances from the west and the northwest. These low-pressure systems originate over the Mediterranean Sea and western Asia and move into India along with the westerly flow. They cause much-needed winter rains over the plains and snowfall in the mountains. Although the total amount of winter rainfall (locally known as ‘Mahawat’) is small, they are of immense importance for the cultivation of ‘rabi’ crops. The peninsular region does not have a well-defined cold season. There is hardly any noticeable seasonal change in temperature patterns during winters due to the moderating influence of the sea.

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