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Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation? (a) Joint forest management (b) Beej Bachao Andolan (c) Chipko Movement (d) Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries

Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna? (a) Agricultural expansion. (b) Large scale developmental projects. (c) Grazing and fuelwood collection. (d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.

Grazing and fuelwood collection

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

How has technical and economic development led to more consumption of resources?

There are various reasons for this. Large-scale production led to over utilisation of resources. Technological advancement led to greater exploitation of resources. Improved medical and health resources led to huge consumption of resources.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Explain the land use pattern in India and why has the land under forest not increased much since 1960-61.

The use of land is determined both by physical factors, such as topography, climate, and soil types, as well as by human factors, such as population density, technological capability, culture, traditions etc. The pattern of the net sown area varies greatly from one state to another. It is over 80 per cent of the total area in Punjab and Haryana and less than 10 per cent in Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Manipur and Andaman Nicobar Islands. Forest area in the country is far lower than the desired 33 per cent of the geographical area, as it was outlined in the National Forest Policy (1952). It was considered essential for the maintenance of the ecological balance. A part of the land is termed a wasteland, and it is put to other non-agricultural uses like settlements, roads, railways, industry etc. It includes rocky, arid and desert areas. Continuous use of land over a long period of time without taking appropriate measures to conserve and manage it has resulted in land degradation.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

What are the biotic and abiotic resources? Give some examples.

Biotic resource: These are resources that are obtained from the biosphere These resources have life Examples are plants, animals, fish, human beings, livestock etc. Abiotic resource: These resources are composed of non-living things Examples are water, minerals, metals, wind, solar energy etc.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in hilly areas?

The main techniques that can be used are given below. Contour ploughing Terrace farming Strips of grass are allowed to grow between the crops. This method is known as strip cropping.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Answer the following questions in about 30 words. (i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

3 states are Maharashtra Gujarat Madhya Pradesh The crop grown is cotton.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

The type of soil found in river deltas is Alluvial Soil. It is very fertile and, therefore, good for the cultivation of crops It consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay Alluvial soil has a good quantity of potash, lime and phosphoric acid, which is good for the growth of paddy and sugarcane.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

In which of the following states is black soil predominantly found? (a) Jammu and Kashmir (b) Maharashtra (c) Rajasthan (d) Jharkhand

Maharashtra

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

In which one of the following states is terrace cultivation practised? (a) Punjab (b) Plains of Uttar Pradesh (c) Haryana (d) Uttarakhand

Uttarakhand

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab? (a) Intensive cultivation (b) Deforestation (c) Over-irrigation (d) Overgrazing

Over-irrigation

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Under which of the following type of resources can tidal energy not be put? (a) Replenishable (b) Human-made (c) Abiotic (d) Non-recyclable

Replenishable

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Which one of the following types of resource is iron ore? (a) Renewable (b) Biotic (c) Flow (d) Non-renewable

Non-renewable

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Describe the impact of globalisation on Indian agriculture.

Globalisation is not a new phenomenon. It was there at the time of colonisation. In the nineteenth century, when European traders came to India, at that time too, Indian spices were exported to different countries of the world and farmers of south India were encouraged to grow these crops. Till today, it is one of the important items of export from India. Under globalisation, particularly after 1990, the farmers in India have been exposed to new challenges. Despite being an important producer of rice, cotton, rubber, tea, coffee, jute and spices, our agricultural products are not able to compete with the developed countries because of the highly subsidised agriculture in those countries. Today, Indian agriculture finds itself at crossroads. To make agriculture successful and profitable, proper thrust should be given to the improvement of the condition of marginal and small farmers.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Suggest the initiative taken by the government to ensure the increase in agricultural production.

The Government of India embarked on a mission to introduce agricultural reforms to improve Indian agriculture in the 1960s and 1970s. The Green Revolution based on the use of package technology and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were some of the strategies initiated to improve a lot of Indian agriculture. But, this too led to the concentration of development in a few selected areas. Therefore, in the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated, which included both institutional and technical reforms. Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease, the establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest were some important steps in this direction. Kissan Credit Card (KCC) and Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the Government of India for the benefit of the farmers. Moreover, special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced on the radio and television. The government also announces minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

The land under cultivation has got reduced day by day. Can you imagine its consequences?

Shortage of food The rise in prices of food Imports increase will put stress on the economy Rise in Unemployment

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Enlist the various institutional reform programmes introduced by the government in the interest of farmers.

Various institutional reform programmes introduced by the Government are as follows: MSP (Minimum Support Price) Subsidy on fertilisers Crop insurance Establishment of Grameen banks to provide low-interest loans

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Name one staple crop of India and the regions where it is produced.

Rice is a major staple crop of India. It is grown in the following regions. Plains of North North East India Coastal Areas Deltaic Regions

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Name one important beverage crop and specify the geographical conditions required for its growth.

One important beverage crop is tea. The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained soil, rich in humus and organic matter. Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves. Tea is a labour-intensive industry. It requires abundant, cheap and skilled labour. Tea is processed within the tea garden to ensure its freshness.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Which one of the following is a leguminous crop? (a) Pulses (b) Millets (c) Jawar (d) Sesamum

Pulses

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