NCERT Exemplar Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter-14 Source of Energy
Energy is the foundation of modern life, powering homes, industries, transportation, and technology. The chapter Sources of Energy introduces students to different forms of energy and explains how they are obtained, used, and conserved. It highlights the importance of renewable and non-renewable resources while encouraging awareness about sustainable development and environmental protection. Through this chapter, students learn the advantages and limitations of conventional energy sources such as coal and petroleum, along with alternative resources like solar, wind, hydro, and nuclear energy. The NCERT Exemplar Solution for Class 10 Science helps students understand these concepts through detailed explanations, practical examples, and application-based questions. By practicing the NCERT Exemplar Solution, learners improve conceptual clarity and strengthen scientific reasoning. These NCERT solutions for class 10 also prepare students for board examinations by improving analytical and problem-solving skills.
Find the Exercises PDF of NCERT Exemplar Solution for Class 10 Science Chapter-14 Source of Energy
Conventional Sources of Energy
Conventional sources of energy are those that have been used for many years to meet human needs. These include fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The chapter explains how fossil fuels are formed from the remains of plants and animals buried deep inside the Earth over millions of years.
Coal and petroleum are widely used because they produce large amounts of energy. However, their excessive use leads to environmental pollution and global warming. Burning fossil fuels releases harmful gases such as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. These gases contribute to air pollution and climate change. Thermal power plants generate electricity by burning coal to produce steam, which rotates turbines connected to generators. Although thermal power plants supply electricity on a large scale, they require huge amounts of fuel and create pollution. The chapter also discusses hydroelectric power plants, where flowing water is used to rotate turbines and generate electricity. Hydropower is considered a cleaner source of energy compared to fossil fuels. However, building large dams can disturb ecosystems and displace communities living near rivers.
Students learn the characteristics of a good source of energy. An ideal fuel should provide high energy output, be easy to store and transport, and produce minimum pollution. Understanding these factors helps students evaluate different energy resources scientifically.
Renewable and Alternative Sources of Energy
Renewable sources of energy are resources that can be replenished naturally and do not get exhausted easily. The chapter explains the growing importance of renewable energy in reducing environmental damage and conserving natural resources.
Solar energy is one of the most important renewable resources discussed in this chapter. Solar panels convert sunlight into electricity using solar cells. Solar cookers and solar water heaters are common examples of devices based on solar energy. Since sunlight is freely available and non-polluting, solar energy is considered highly beneficial for the future. Wind energy is another renewable source explained in the chapter. Windmills use the kinetic energy of moving air to rotate turbines and generate electricity. Wind farms are commonly set up in coastal and open areas where wind speed is high. Biogas is produced by the decomposition of organic waste materials such as cow dung and plant residues. It is used as a clean fuel for cooking and lighting in rural areas. The use of biogas reduces dependence on firewood and fossil fuels.
The chapter also introduces tidal energy, wave energy, and geothermal energy. Tidal energy is generated using the rise and fall of sea tides, while geothermal energy uses heat from beneath the Earth’s surface. These resources demonstrate the wide range of natural energy sources available for sustainable development.
Nuclear Energy and Energy Conservation
Nuclear energy is generated through nuclear reactions such as fission. In nuclear power plants, atoms of uranium split to release enormous amounts of energy. This energy is used to produce electricity. Nuclear energy can generate large quantities of power without emitting greenhouse gases during operation.
However, nuclear energy also has certain risks. Disposal of radioactive waste and the possibility of nuclear accidents make it a sensitive topic. Students learn the importance of handling radioactive materials carefully and maintaining safety standards in nuclear plants. The chapter strongly emphasizes energy conservation. Saving energy is essential because many conventional resources are limited and may get exhausted in the future. Using energy-efficient appliances, switching off unused electrical devices, and promoting renewable resources are simple ways to conserve energy.
The NCERT Exemplar questions help students apply scientific concepts to real-life situations. These questions improve understanding of environmental issues, sustainable development, and energy management. By practicing exemplar solutions, students develop a deeper awareness of the importance of responsible energy use in modern society. This chapter not only builds scientific knowledge but also encourages students to think about the future of the planet and the role of clean energy in protecting the environment.