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GeographyClass 7All

Define Rock cycle.

Ans. One type of rock changes to another type under certain conditions in a cyclic manner. This process of transformation of the rock from one to another is known as rock cycle.

GeographyClass 7All

How are rocks useful to us?

Ans. Rocks are very useful to us the hard rocks are used for making roads, houses and buildings stones are used for making jewellery.

GeographyClass 7All

How are metamorphic rocks formed?

Ans. Igneous and sedimentary rocks can change into metamorphic rocks under great heat and pressure. The chemical composition of these rocks change and new rocks get formed. Clay changes into slate and limestone into marble.

GeographyClass 7All

How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Ans. Sediments are transported and deposited by wind and water. These loose sediments are compressed and hardened to form layers of rocks. These rocks are called sedimentary rocks e.g. sandstone.

GeographyClass 7All

Define sediments.

Ans. Rocks roll down, crack, and hit each other and are broken down into small fragments. These smaller particles are called sediments.

GeographyClass 7All

How are intrusive igneous rocks formed?

Ans. Sometimes the molten magma cools down deep inside the earth’s crust. Solid rocks so formed are called intrusive igneous rocks. e.g. granite.

GeographyClass 7All

How are extrusive igneous rocks formed?

Ans. Lava is molten magma coming out from the interior of the earth on its surface. When this molten lava comes on the earth’s surface, it rapidly cools down and becomes solid. Rocks formed in such a way on the crust are called extrusive igneous rocks. e.g. basalt.

GeographyClass 7All

What are igneous rocks?

Ans. When molten magma cools, it becomes solid. Rocks thus formed are called igneous rocks. Igneous rocks are of two types intrusive and extrusive.

GeographyClass 7All

What are primary rocks?

Ans. Igneous rocks are called primary rocks because from these rocks all other rocks are made. They are the first primary rocks to be formed from morn lava. E.g. basalt, granite.

GeographyClass 7All

What are the three different types of rocks?

Ans. There are three types of rocks: Igneous, Sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.

GeographyClass 7All

What is a rock?

Ans. Any natural mass of mineral matter that makes up the earth rust is called a rock. Rocks can be of different colors, size and texture.

GeographyClass 7All

Describe the ‘core’

Ans. The innermost layer is the core with a radius of about 3500km. It is mainly made up of nickel and iron and called ‘nife’ (ni-nickel, fi-iron). The central core has very high temperature and pressure.

GeographyClass 7All

Describe the ‘mantle’.

Ans. Just beneath the crust is the mantle, which extends up to a depth of 2900km below the crust. It is the middle layer of the earth.

GeographyClass 7All

Describe the Lithosphere or the crust.

Ans. The upper most layer over the earth’s surface is called crust, it is the thinnest of all the layers. It is about 35km on the continental masses and only 5km on the ocean floor.

GeographyClass 7All

What is “sima”?

Ans. The ocenic crust mainly consist of silica and magnesium. It is therefore called sima (si-silica; ma – magnesium).

GeographyClass 7All

What is “ sial”?

Ans. The main mineral constituents of the continental mass are silica and alumina . It is thus called sial. (si from silica, al from alumina.)

GeographyClass 7All

How did the Earth form?

Ans. The earth was formed 5 billion years ago. It was extremelly hot and in molten state, but it slowly cooled and acquired the present shape. The heavier elements like iron and nickel gathered in the interior of the earth and the lighter elements like silicon formed the exterior of the earth.

GeographyClass 7All

What are the major agricultural activities carried out in the Ladakh desert?

Ans. The climate of the Ladakh desert does not allow agricultural activity. But still in the month of May sowing of the crop and in the month of September the process of harvesting takes place every year. The major crop of the region is wheat and in some other places barley is also grown. Different types of fruits are also grown in some patches.

GeographyClass 7All

What are the main differences between the people of Sahara and Ladakh deserts?

Sahara Desert Ladakh Desert 1. Rainfall: Rainfall in the Sahara region is very low. Rainfall in the Sahara desert is less than 30 cm. 2. Temperature: Temperature in the Sahara desert is very high, hot and dry winds used to blow in this area. 3. Availability of water: In general water is not available in abundance. The availability of rivers is not very good that is because scarcity of water is the major problem here. 4. Flora and fauna: In the Sahara desert Camel is the common animal which is also known as the ship of the desert. Jackal, Hyenas and wild foxes are the other most common species of animal. 5. People: The major tribes of the Sahara desert are Bedouins and Tharges. They are basically nomads and change their location in search of food. 1. Rainfall: Rainfall in the Sahara desert occurs due to the western disturbances. The moisture laden winds manage to enter into the Ladakh range from the various passes. 2. Temperature: The temperature is very low in the Ladakh desert because of its altitude from the sea level. 3. Availability of water: Melting of snow is the main source of water in the Ladakh desert. Normally water is not a big problem for the native people. 4. Flora and fauna: Very unique type of Flora and fauna found here. Yak is the common animal which is found in this type of climate only. 5. People: The major tribal groups of the region are Gujjars and Bakarwals. They are basically nomads who used to travel a long way for the rearing of their cattle.

GeographyClass 7All

What are the major tribes found in the Sahara desert?

Ans. Sahara desert is having typical climatic conditions in Africa region. The people found in the Sahara deserts are the basically tribal origin. The most important tribes and the common tribe found in the Sahara deserts are Bedouins and Tharges. The tribal groups found here are manly engaged in the rearing of sheep and other animals. They live in make-shift tents and keep moving from place to place in search of food and fodder for their cattle. Their dresses are made up in such a way that it can protect them from the dust and the hot wind.

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