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GeographyClass 7All

What are the cattle farms in the North American Grasslands known as?

Ans. Ranches are the formal names for the cattle farms of the North America.

GeographyClass 7All

What are the Temperate Grasslands of North America and Canada called?

Ans. The temperate grasslands of the North America and Canada are together called as the Prairies.

GeographyClass 7All

Define temperate grasslands and describe their climate.

Ans. Temperate grasslands are found in the interior parts of continents in mid-latitudes. These regions experience moderate rainfall, hot summers, and cold winters. They are known by different names such as Prairies in North America and Pampas in South America. These grasslands are suitable for agriculture and cattle rearing.

GeographyClass 7All

Mention human activities responsible for biodiversity degradation.

Ans. Major human activities responsible for the degradation of biodiversity include deforestation, urbanization, industrialization, pollution, and overexploitation of resources. These activities destroy natural habitats and threaten the survival of many species.

GeographyClass 7All

What regions are known as the “Orchards of the World”?

Ans. The Mediterranean region is known as the “Orchard of the World” because it is ideal for growing fruits like grapes, olives, and citrus fruits due to its suitable climate.

GeographyClass 7All

How would you define tropical evergreen forests?

Ans. Tropical evergreen forests are dense forests found near the equator, typically between 10°N and 10°S latitudes. These forests receive heavy rainfall throughout the year and have high temperatures. In India, they are found in the Western Ghats and Assam hills. Trees in these forests remain green all year round.

GeographyClass 7All

Differentiate between desert vegetation and tundra vegetation.

Ans. Desert vegetation grows in hot, dry regions with very little rainfall and includes plants like cacti and thorny bushes. Tundra vegetation, on the other hand, is found in extremely cold regions near the poles and includes mosses, lichens, and small shrubs. While deserts face water scarcity, tundra regions face freezing temperatures.

GeographyClass 7All

. Examine the significance of photosynthesis.

Ans. Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce food (glucose) and oxygen. This process is essential for life on Earth because it provides oxygen for breathing and forms the base of all food chains. It also helps in maintaining the balance of gases in the atmosphere.

GeographyClass 7All

What do you mean by a wildlife sanctuary?

Ans. A wildlife sanctuary is a protected area reserved for the conservation of animals, birds, and plants. Human activities are regulated in such areas to ensure the safety and survival of wildlife and their natural habitats.

GeographyClass 7All

What is meant by conservation?

Ans. Conservation means the protection, preservation, and proper use of natural resources such as forests, water, and wildlife. It aims to maintain ecological balance and ensure that resources are available for future generations.

GeographyClass 7All

Describe ecological efficiency.

Ans. Ecological efficiency refers to the percentage of energy transferred from one trophic level to the next in a food chain. Usually, only a small portion of energy (about 10%) is passed on, while the rest is lost as heat. This concept explains why food chains are generally short.

GeographyClass 7All

Define ecosystem, food chain, and food web.

Ans. An ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of living organisms (biotic) with their non-living (abiotic) environment. A food chain is the sequence through which energy passes from one organism to another, starting from plants to herbivores and then to carnivores. A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem, showing multiple feeding relationships.

GeographyClass 7All

In which parts of the world are seasonal grasslands found?

Ans. Seasonal grasslands are mainly found in the mid-latitude regions and in the interior parts of continents. These areas receive moderate rainfall and have distinct seasons, which support the growth of grasses rather than dense forests.

GeographyClass 7All

Mention the uses of coniferous forests.

Ans. Coniferous forests consist of softwood trees like pine and fir. Their wood is widely used for making paper, matchsticks, packing boxes, and newsprint. These forests are important for industries related to pulp and paper production.

GeographyClass 7All

In which climatic conditions are citrus fruits cultivated?

Ans. Citrus fruits like oranges and lemons are grown in regions with hot, dry summers and mild, rainy winters. Such climatic conditions are ideal for their growth, as they require warmth and moderate moisture.

GeographyClass 7All

In which parts of the world are tropical deciduous forests found?

Tropical deciduous forests are found in regions with moderate rainfall such as parts of India, northern Australia, and Central America. These forests are also known as monsoon forests because they shed their leaves during the dry season to conserve water.

GeographyClass 7All

Name two hardwood trees commonly found in tropical evergreen forests.

Ans. Two common hardwood trees found in tropical evergreen forests are rosewood and mahogany. These trees are valued for their strong and durable wood, which is used in making furniture and decorative items.

GeographyClass 7All

Which are the two factors on which the growth of vegetation mostly depends?

Ans. The growth of vegetation mainly depends on temperature and rainfall. Temperature affects the rate of plant growth, while rainfall determines the availability of water. Regions with adequate heat and moisture support dense vegetation, whereas areas with extreme temperatures or low rainfall have sparse vegetation.

GeographyClass 7All

What does the word ‘forest’ denote?

. A forest refers to a large area of land covered with trees and other vegetation that grow naturally without much human interference. Forests are important natural resources that provide oxygen, shelter for wildlife, and help maintain ecological balance. They also play a key role in regulating climate and conserving soil and water.

GeographyClass 7All

Define the terms exogenic forces and endogenic forces? Give e.g., also.

Ans. Endogenic forces are forces which act in the interior of earth. For e.g., earthquake. Exogenic forces are forces which act on the surface of the earth. For e.g., river.

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