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Political ScienceClass 6All

Define apartheid law.

Ans: Apartheid laws were prevalent in South Africa. People were divided into white, black, Indian and coloured races and they were strictly prohibited to mingle with each other.

Political ScienceClass 6All

How many fundamental duties are given in our constitution?

Ans: The constitution of India has mentioned about ten fundamental duties.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Define a secular state?

Ans: A secular state does not promote any one religion as the state religion. It gives equal treatment to all religions.

Political ScienceClass 6All

When did South Africa become a democratic country?

Ans: South Africa became a democratic country in 1994. The country's first non-racial election held on April 26-28, 1994, resulting in the victory of Nelson Mandela as President on May 10, 1994.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What is difference between Gram Sabha and Gram Panchayat?

Ans:Gram Sabha: Every adult man and woman in the village who has attained the age of 18 years and above is the members of the Gram Sabha. The number of members can be from 100 to 1000. There is no concept of reservation. It is a bigger body. Gram Panchayat: The members of the Gram Sabha elect some representatives from themselves to form Gram Panchayat. The number of members can be from 7 to 31.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What are the key features of Gram Sabha in the Gram Panchayat?

Ans: The Gram Sabha is of great importance to all of us who are living in villages. In the Gram Sabha, all important issues regarding the development of a village are discussed and Gram Panchayat works according to the agenda laid down in and passed by the Gram Sabha. Yes, all the members should attend Gram Sabha meetings because this practice will automatically educate the participants and they would learn the procedure for calling the meeting.

Political ScienceClass 6All

How can the Gram Sabha prevent the Panchayat from doing what it likes?

Ans: The quorum for a Gram Sabha meeting remains one tenth of the total member. It is important to have 1/3rd of the quorum as women members. Gram Sabha will have a supervisory body which audits and regulates the functioning of the Gram Panchayat. Recommendation of the Gram Sabha will be binding on the Gram Panchayat. The secretary of the Gram Panchayat can be removed only if the Gram Sabha approves it. All the villages within the Gram Panchayat can have separate Gram Sabha.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What is a Zila Parishad?

Ans: The third tier of the Panchayati Raj is the Zila Parishad. It consists of the Parishad of the Panchayat Samitis, MLAs and MPs representing the areas and the district level officers. The collector would be the Chairman. The important function of the Zila Parishad would be to examine and approve budgets of the Panchayat Samitis, to distribute funds between various blocks and to supervise the activities of Panchayat Samitis.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What is the composition of the Panchayat Samiti?

Ans: The Panchayat Samiti which is also known as the intermediate level Panchayat works for the villages of the Tehsil. It is composed of ex-officio members (MLA’s, MP’s and all Sarpanch), members from SC and ST, women and farmers, members from cooperative societies and few elected members.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Take an example of any one task done by a Panchayat in your area/nearby rural area and answer the following: a. Why was it taken up? b. From where the money came. c. Whether the work has been completed or not.

Ans: The task undertaken in our area was laying out the link road/approaching the way through our settlement to the main road. Reason: Colony people were facing problems in the transportation of goods to Halwandi Mandi. Money for this project came from Rural Development Fund. Trust and subscription was collected from every resident of the village. The link road was completed in a month before the date of completion agreed by the contractor.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Why do we need a local government?

Ans: A local government is very important. The aim of the local bodies is to solve the local problems by cooperation and without depending upon others. The local people only know their problems and for meeting their needs, it is the local people who take interest. They also finish the work with speed and with least expenditure. The local government also lightens the work of the Central and State government. They also provide training of administration to the people at lower levels.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What are the causes for the failure of the Panchayati Raj?

Ans: Generally, the Panch and Sarpanch are uneducated, so, they are not able to act very wisely. The Panchs are often elected on the basis of groupism in villages, so, they cannot act impartially. Most of the villagers are illiterate and so they cannot understand the importance of their votes. The sources of income of the village bodies under the Panchayati Raj are not adequate.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Describe the success and failure of the Panchayati Raj?

Ans: The Panchayati Raj has not been able to achieve its aim fully. The Panchayati Raj has set up a link between the government and the villages in every corner of the country. The villages in India have become politically awakened and in almost every home people discuss about the problem of the country. Failure: The elected representatives often forget their duties and promises which they made with the villagers at the time of elections.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Mention the powers of the Nyaya Panchayat?

Ans: The Nyaya Panchayat has the power to settle only minor and criminal cases such as thief’s, gambling, simple injury etc. It can impose a fine of upto one hundred rupees. It cannot send any person to jail. There cannot appear in Nyaya Panchayat. The cases tried by the Nyaya Panchayat are decided quickly in an inexpensive manner.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Explain the role of the Chairman and vice chairman of the Panchayat Samiti?

Ans: Every Panchayat Samiti elects two of its members as Chairman and Vice-Chairman. His tenure of office is for five years. He can be removed by the Panchayat samiti members by passing a resolution supported by 2/3rd majority. Seats for the post of Chairman are reserved for the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes.

Political ScienceClass 6All

Does the Right to Information Act also include the Panchayati Raj System?

Ans: RTI Act was approved by the Parliament; it covers not only government offices at the Centre, but also all government bodies set up by the States and Union Territories. Panchayati Raj Institutions (Part IX) of Indian Constitution are covered by the Act. It provides citizens the right to access of Panchayat information. Citizens can examine works, documents and records.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What is Mahatma Gandhi’s belief related to Panchayati Raj?

Ans: Gandhi’s idea of village Swaraj is that of a complete republic. The working of the day to day activities of the village will be conducted by the Panchayat of five persons, annually elected by elderly men villagers, male and female, possessing minimum prescribed qualifications. Panchayats will have all the power and authority required. He believed that strengthening of village Panchayats would help the process of effective de-centralisation.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What are the important functions of the Gram Sabha?

Ans: The quorum for a Gram Sabha meeting remains 1/10th of the total members. It is important to have 1/3rd of the quorum as women members. Gram Sabha will work as a supervisory body which audits and regulates the functioning of the Gram Panchayat. Recommendation of the Gram Sabha will be binding on the Gram Panchayat. The secretary of the Gram Panchayat can be removed only if the Gram Sabha approves it. All the villages within a Gram Panchayat can have a separate Gram Sabha.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What is meant by ‘watershed’ management?

Ans: Watershed is a topographically delineated area draining into a single channel. It is ubiquitous distribution of water collected from all the sources that is sea, rivers, ponds etc. It reduces the surface runoff. Watershed management transforms the barren slope to a green meadow. With the implementation of 73rd and 74th amendments gave the importance to Indian Planning on Local Level Development Planning. In this context, utilisation of natural resources particularly land and water at local levels assume prime importance.

Political ScienceClass 6All

What is a Gram Sabha?

Ans: The Gram Sabha is a meeting of all adults who live in the area covered by a Panchayat. This could be only one village or a few villages. Gram Sabha meeting is held to discuss the problems faced by the villagers and to find a solution to the problems.

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