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Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Choose the correct statement from the following. A constitution needs to be amended from time to time because, 1. Circumstances change and require suitable changes in the constitution. 2. A document written at one point of time becomes outdated after some time. 3. Every generation should have a constitution of its own liking. 4. It must reflect the philosophy of the existing government.

Because circumstances change and require suitable changes in the

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Do you think that the Presidential form of Government is the most suitable for India? Justify.

Sometimes, it is presumed to have presidential form of government to be the most suitable for India for it is considered to be strong and stable to meet emergencies effectively. In my opinion parliamentary form of government is the most suitable for India because the government is responsible to the legislature and the people. Relation between the legislature and the executive makes passing of good laws possible. Moreover, parliamentary form of government has been working in India for past long years, hence it is the most suitable for India.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Write a short note on single and plural executive.

Single Executive: Refers to a person who does not share powers with others as in In the UK and other parliamentary form of governments, the executive authority is vested in the cabinet, a plural body but in fact constituting a singular executive. The British cabinet acts as a unit and goes out of the office together. It functions under the leadership of Prime Minister. Plural Executive: Refers to directing authority by one single individual for a term but a group of persons have co-equal authority as the Swiss federal council consisting of seven Councillors and the chairman of the council is selected only for a term of one year and is merely the first among equals.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What are the Emergency powers of the President of India?

The President of India can declare emergency mainly in the following cases: If the President feels the internal disturbances in the country, external aggression due to war, an emergency can be proclaimed by the President when parliament has the authority to form laws and fundamental rights of the citizens are also If a constitutional machinery fails in any of the state and the state legislative assembly is dissolved and all the legislative powers of state go into the hands of the The President can declare a financial emergency also and may decrease the pay and allowances of government employees.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

In what circumstances, the President’s rule is imposed in a state? What role does the Governor play during this?

Under the following President’s rule is imposed in a state: If no political party gets the majority and formation of government in the state becomes quiet impossible then on the advice of the Governor, President’s rule is If the President gets information of failing of constitutional machinery in the state. Role of Governor: When a President’s rule is imposed, the legislative assembly is dissolved and all the powers of government come into the hands of the Governor who works as an agent to the President of India and the legislative powers of the state go into the hands of parliament.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How is the President of India elected?

The President of India is elected by the electoral college which consists of: Elected members of both the houses of Elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the The elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of Delhi and Pondicherry have been authorized to be the part of Electoral College by 70th Amendment of 1992. The President should fulfill all the qualifications also as assigned by the constitution of India.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the situations to when a Governor can use his discretionary powers.

If any party does not get the absolute majority or the winning is unable to choose its leader, the Governor can appoint chief minister of his own choice. If constitutional machinery fails in the state, the Governor immediately sends the report to the President and he is not bound to consult with the council of ministers under such circumstances, he can work independently. If the President declares emergency in the state, the Governor acts as an agent to the president in place to act in accordance with the advice of council of ministers. If the Governor feels some bills to be contradictory to the Central Government, he can reserve this bill for the approval of the President.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Distinguish between the Political executive and the Permanent executive.

Political executives are elected by the people through the process of elections where permanent executives are appointed by the Government of India on the basis of The tenure of Political executives depends on the popular election in order to formulate policy and give direction to administration as long as they command the support of the electorates whereas the civil servants continue in service till they reach the age of superannuation. Political executives keep on changing after some duration but the permanent executives are there to cooperate with whichever leader comes in power by maintaining political neutrality in the discharge of their official duties.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Write a short note on the relationship between the President and the Prime Minister.

According to the constitution, the appointment of the Prime Minister is made by the President who calls upon to the leader of majority party to form the government. The President is the constitutional head while the Prime Minister is the real head of the state. The Prime Minster serves as a link between the President and the Council of

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What do you understand by the dominance of executive leadership?

In the parliamentary system, the legislature is formed mainly by the elected representatives because the political party who gets the majority, the leader of that party is called upon by the President to form the government. The parliament enjoys many powers even to pass no confidence motion against the Prime Minister and his Council as well as to remove them from their office. But in fact, the Prime Minister leads the parliament whenever he wants, can dissolve the Lok Sabha. Hence, it is considered as dominance of executive leadership.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

In the absence of no single majority party, how is the Chief Minister appointed?

The Chief Minister is appointed by the Governor. If no single party commands majority in the Legislative Assembly, the Governor can use his discretion in appointing the Chief Minister to the person whom he thinks fit to get the support of the majority in the Legislative Assembly. Example: Appointment of Bhajan Lai, Congress (I) leader, by Governor G.D. Tagore in 1982 in Haryana.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What are the Executive powers of the Governor?

The Governor is the head of the All the laws are executed in his name and he maintains law and order in the All the important officers of the state are appointed by He appoints Chief Minister and other ministers also on the advice of the Chief He also has the power to dismiss the Council of

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How can the President of India be removed?

The President of India is elected for a tenure of five years. He can be removed from his office by an impeachment only for violation of the constitution. This may be initiated by either house of parliament and if it is passed by 2/3 majority of the total membership of the house, then it is sent to the other house. And if the other house also passes it with the 2/3 majority, only then the President can be removed.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the qualifications for a Governor of a state.

He must be a citizen of He must be at least 35 years of He must not be a member of the parliament or of any state legislature and if he is, he must resign. He must not be holding any office of profit at any level of He must not be a lunatic or

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How is the Governor of a state appointed?

The Governor of state is appointed by the President of India on the basis of qualifications mentioned in our constitution. But, Governor is a nominee of the central cabinet because the Prime Minister and the other members of his cabinet like to have a man of confidence on this post.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is the relation between the Governor and the Legislative Assembly?

The Governor calls the session of the Legislative Assembly as well as he only may suspend it or end the session. The Governor can send messages to the Legislative He signs all the bills passed by the Legislative Assembly. No bill becomes law, till he does not sanction it. The Governor can dissolve the Legislative Assembly and call for fresh

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is the relation between the Council of Ministers and Legislative Assembly?

Chief Minister along with his Council of Ministers is the leader of majority party in the Legislative Assembly. All these ministers participate in the meetings of the legislature, discuss the various topics and express their opinion on it. The sessions of legislature are called after the will of the Council of

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What are the merits of a good executive?

To maintain law and order in the country not to let fulfill the evil intentions of To protect and preserve the national boundaries to protect the country from external aggression. To avoid financial fluctuations in the country to maintain stability in

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the classification of the Council of Ministers.

Cabinet Ministers are independent heads of their respective State Ministers assist the Cabinet Ministers and they are sometimes given independent charge of some portfolios. Deputy Ministers do not have any independent department but assist either to Cabinet or State Ministers.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the qualifications for a person to become the President of India.

He should be a citizen of His age should not be less than 35 He should be qualified for the membership of the Lok He should not hold the office of profit under the He should not be a member of the Parliament or any state legislature and if he is, he must resign.

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