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Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Following allegation of killing of three civilians in Gandwara in a fake encounter by Jammu and Kashmir police, an enquiry has been ordered.

Allegations of killing three civilians in Gandwara by the Jammu and Kashmir police in a fake encounter raises questions on the police force of the state. The challenge here is to control the power of the police and other authoritative officials.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

A large number of farmers are committing suicide in different states of India.

Answer: A large number of farmers are committing suicides in different states of India because of the economic inequality in the country. Farmers in villages grow crops on a small piece of land, and if the weather conditions do not stay stable, the farmer has to suffer serious loss. He is further unable to repay the loan taken from the moneylender or the bank and gets overburdened by the loan. These cases have increased in the country over the past few years, and the poor farmers take such severe steps like committing suicide. The government should provide these farmers with cheap fertilizers and seeds and provide them with better irrigation methods.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Identify the challenges to democracy in the following descriptions. Also, suggest policy/institutional mechanism to deepen democracy in the given situations: a) Following a High Court directive, a temple in Orissa that had separate entry doors for Dalits and non-Dalits allowed entry for all from the same door.

The biggest challenge to democracy, in this case, is if such practices continue in the country, there is a threat that discrimination based on caste, colour and creed cannot be eliminated. If people indulge in such practices, legal action can be taken against them. The Constitution clearly states that discrimination of any kind will be considered a crime and a big threat to the peace of the country. In such cases, serious actions must be taken against the people so that the communal harmony of the country does not gets disturbed.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions: a. Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich. b. Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens. c. The government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education and spend more on industries and infrastructure. d. In a democracy, all citizens have one vote, which means that there is an absence of any domination and conflict.

Industrialised countries can afford democracy, but the poor need dictatorship to become rich – There is no relationship between democracy and the wealth of the nation. The economic development of the nation is dependent upon the resources, the policies and the openness of the government to attract investment. If the dictatorship could have brought wealth in the nation, countries like Nigeria would be having all rich people, which is not the case in reality. Yes, democracy cannot reduce income inequality as there are sectional communities which have different professions. Income equality is not a value of democracy as democracy brings social and political equality. People have the right to vote and can access fundamental rights, but income is self-generated, and that depends on their ability to work. The statement is untrue. For any country to be developed, the focus should be on human resources. The country is made up of its people, and if the citizens are uneducated, ill and under-sufficient, the country cannot grow. The human development report in itself judges the development of the country by the education and health of the citizen along with the income. Hence, it is important for a country to invest in health and education infrastructure. The statement is partly true. Yes, democracy offers one vote to each of its citizens. However, it is not a fool-proof system that does not invite any conflicts. Take the example of India, which has a diverse diaspora. The social divisions in the society are reflected in the form of riots, protests and strikes. Hence, no democracy can eliminate social divisions

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities?

Social diversities can be accommodated by focusing on all the communities of the society. The majority and minority communities should be given equal attention. Democracy is not the rule of the majority. In democratic countries, both the majority and minority work together to achieve progress and development of the nation. It is equally important to understand that the rule of the majority is not expressed in terms of religion or languages. Any person or group may become a majority in a democracy.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government?

The government can be accountable by framing and developing various laws and policies in which citizens can hold the government responsible if any of those policies and laws are not implemented or are held against the welfare of the citizens. The government can be responsible when people start taking action when the government becomes insensitive about their aspirations. People can hold protests, carry out campaigns and organise rallies and force the government to respond to them. A democratic government is a legitimate government, as it is elected by citizens and enjoys the confidence and trust of the citizens.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

12. Consider the following two statements. A. In a federation, the powers of the federal and provincial governments are clearly demarcated. B. India is a federation because the powers of the Union and State Governments are specified in the Constitution and they have exclusive jurisdiction on their respective subjects. C. Sri Lanka is a federation because the country is divided into provinces. D. India is no longer a federation because some powers of the States have been devolved to the local government bodies. Which of the statements given above are correct? a. A, B and C b. A, C and D c. A and B only d. B and C only

A and B only

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List-I List-II Union of India Prime Minister State Sarpanch Municipal Corporation Governor Gram Panchayat Mayor

List-I List-II Union of India Prime Minister State Governor Municipal Corporation Mayor Gram Panchayat Sarpanch

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Examine the following pairs that give the level of government in India and the powers of the government at that level to make laws on the subjects mentioned against each. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched? State government State List Central government Union List Central and State governments Concurrent List Local governments Residuary powers

Local governments Residuary powers

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

A few subjects in various Lists of the Indian Constitution are given here. Group them under the Union, State and Concurrent Lists as provided in the table below. A. Defence B. Police C. Agriculture D. Education E. Banking F. Forests G. Communications H. Trade I. Marriages Union List State List Concurrent List

Answer. Union List Defence Communications Banking State List Police Agriculture Trade Concurrent List Education Forests Marriages

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

The distinguishing feature of a federal government is: a. The national government gives some powers to the provincial governments. b. Power is distributed among the legislature, executive and judiciary. c. Elected officials exercise supreme power in the government. d. Governmental power is divided between different levels of government

Governmental power is divided between different levels of government

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Here are three reactions to the language policy followed in India. Give an argument and an example to support any of these positions. Sangeeta: The policy of accommodation has strengthened national unity. Arman: the Language-based States have divided us by making everyone conscious of their language. Harish: This policy has only helped to consolidate the dominance of English over all other languages.

The policy of accommodation mentioned by Sangeeta is a correct reaction to the language policy followed in India. Due to this policy, India stands in unity with states having different languages. Had India not followed the policy of accommodation, several states could have proposed separation from the country.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Fill in the blanks: Since the United States is a ___________________ type of federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are ______________vis-à-vis the federal government. But India is a _____________________ type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the ____________ government has more powers.

Since the United States is a coming together type of the federation, all the constituent States have equal powers and States are strong vis-à-vis the federal government. But India is a holding together type of federation and some States have more power than others. In India, the central government has more powers.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

State any two differences between the local government before and after the constitutional amendment in 1992.

Local Government Pre-1992 Local Government Post Constitutional Amendment 1992 Elections to these local governments were not held regularly Now, it is constitutionally mandated to hold regular elections to local government bodies Local governments did not have any powers or resources of their own. The State governments are required to share some powers and revenue with local government bodies. The nature of sharing varies from state to state.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

What is the main difference between a federal form of government and a unitary one? Explain with an example.

er. Federal Form Unitary Form There is a sharing of power between union and state government. The power is centralised with the union government, and there is no role of state governments. Example – India (India is a federal country with union government at the centre and state governments at the state level and Panchayati Raj at the local level.) Example – Sri Lanka (The national government has all the powers.)

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Point out one feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to and one feature that is different from that of Belgium.

A feature in the practice of federalism in India that is similar to that of Belgium – There is power-sharing between the union government and state government. A feature in the practice of federalism in India that is different from that of Belgium – India has no community government in practice, while Belgium has one.

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Consider the following statements on parties. A. Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people. B. Parties are often rocked by scandals involving top-party leaders. C. Parties are not necessary to run governments. Which of the statements given above is correct? a. A, B, and C b. A and B c. B and C d. A and C

(b) A and B

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party? A. Bahujan Samaj B. Revolutionary democracy C. Integral humanism D. Modernity

Integral humanism

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Who among the following is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party? A. Kanshi Ram B. Sahu Maharaj C. B.R. Ambedkar D. Jotiba Phule

Answer. Kanshi Ram

Social StudiesClass 10CBSE

Match List-I (organisations and struggles) with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists. List-I List-II 1. Congress Party A. National Democratic Alliance 2. Bharatiya Janata Party B. State party 3. Communist Party of India (Marxist) C. United Progressive Alliance 4. Telugu Desam Party D. Left Front 1 2 3 4 (a) C A B D (b) C D A B (c) C A D B (d) D C A B

Answer. 1 2 3 4 (c) C A D B

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