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ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name the petroleum product which is commonly used for electric generators.

Answer The petroleum product which is commonly used for electric generators is diesel.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Is it possible to extract petroleum from under the sea bed?

Answer Yes, it is possible to extract petroleum from under the sea bed using a giant drilling machine.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name the petroleum product used to drive heavy vehicles.

Answer Diesel is used to drive heavy vehicles.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name the fuel which is used in jet aircraft engines.

Answer Kerosene is used as fuel in jet aircraft engines.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Which substance is used for metalling the roads these days in place of coal tar?

Answer Bitumen is used for metalling the roads these days in place of coal tar.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name the most common fuel used in light motor vehicles.

Answer The most common type of fuel used in light motor vehicles is petrol.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name an important source from which naphthalene balls are obtained.

Answer An important source from which naphthalene balls are obtained is coal tar.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name the product of coal which is a thick black liquid having an unpleasant smell.

Coal is the product of coal which is a thick black liquid having an unpleasant smell.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name any five substances used in everyday life that are manufactured starting from the products of coal tar.

Plastics, paints, drugs, perfumes, and paints.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name the process by which plant material (or vegetation) buried deep under the earth was slowly converted into coal.

Answer The process by which plant material (or vegetation) buried deep under the earth was slowly converted into coal is carbonization.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Which product of coal is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals?

Coal is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Name three useful products of coal.

Coal tar, Coal gas, and Coke are the three useful products of coal.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

What is meant by the 3R's principle in the context of the use of plastics?

Answer Reduce We can reduce the use of plastic containers for storing food and other items and use more durable materials like metal. Reuse We can reuse the plastic bags whenever possible, keeping safety and hygiene in Recycle We can give the old plastic chairs and jars for a recycle and support the cause by using recycled items.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

State the various ways in which we can avoid (or minimize) the use of plastics.

Answer Carry a reusable bottle Say no to plastic straws Take a reusable coffee cup Avoid excessive food packaging Usage of cloth or jute bags

ScienceClass 8ICSE

What are the various ways to save the environment from excessive plastic wastes?

Answer Reduce plastic bags and use cloth or jute Use metal or steel storage containers

ScienceClass 8ICSE

How do carelessly thrown plastic bags (polythene bags) affect: (a) dirty water drains and sewers? (b) animals (such as cows)?

Answer When thrown in the water drains or in sewers it results in choking of the Therefore, we must avoid the use of plastic as much as possible. Plastic bags thrown in the garbage can be swallowed by the animals such as cows. It can result in choking their respiratory system and can be Therefore, we must avoid the use of plastic as much as possible.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

State whether plastic is biodegradable or non-biodegradable? Give reasons for your answer.

<p>Answer</p><p>Plastic is non-biodegradable. It takes several years for plastic to decompose and it is not environment friendly. It causes environmental pollution. Also, the burning process of synthetic material is quite slow. It does not get completely burnt easily. It releases lots of poisonous fumes into the atmosphere when burned and causes air pollution.</p>

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Explain how the use of plastics has a bad effect on the environment.

Answer Plastic pollution causes harm to humans, animals and plants through toxic pollutants. It can take hundreds or even thousands of years for plastic to break down so the environmental damage is long- lasting. It affects all organisms in the food chain from tiny species like plankton through to whale.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Explain why the disposal of plastic wastes is a major problem. Give two reasons only.

Answer Plastic is a non-biodegradable material and takes a lot of time to decompose naturally. The plastic waste is harmful for animals who might eat it, can cause severe air pollution on burning, and can create a heap of waste which will not decompose, hence disposal of plastic waste is a major problem.

ScienceClass 8ICSE

Classify the following as biodegradable and non-biodegradable materials: Woollen clothes, Polythene bags, Paper, Aluminium cans, Toothbrush, Peels of vegetables and fruits, Cotton cloth, Jute bag, Electric switch, Frying panhandle.

Answer Biodegradable materials: Woolen clothes, paper, peels of vegetables and fruits, cotton cloth, jute bag Non-biodegradable materials: Polythene bags, Aluminium cans, Toothbrush, Electric switch, Frying panhandle.

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