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Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What are the features of the Constitution?

 It is the Supreme Law of Country. It maintains a relationship between the government and the citizens of country. It constitutes the structure of the government. It tells who would play an important role in decision-making powers.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is the Constitution?

The Constitution of a country is a written document which prescribes it to be a supreme law ofthe country to decide the structure of the government along with the rights and duties of citizens.The Constitution speaks of who would play a vital role in decision-making powers.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

In a discussion on the experience of the working of our Constitution, three speakers took three different positions: (a) Harbans: The Indian Constitution has succeeded in giving us a framework of democratic government. (b) Neha: The Constitution made solemn promises of ensuring liberty, equality and fraternity. Since this has not happened, the Constitution has failed. (c) Nazima: The Constitution has not failed us. We have failed the Constitution. Do you agree with any of these positions? If yes, why? If not, what is your own position?

In the above mentioned conversation of three people focused whether the working of ourConstitution is fruitful or not:(a) Indian Constitution is a document consisting the supreme and fundamental laws of countryabout powers, functions and structures of the government. Constitution also shows that how the organs of government are interrelated with each otheras well as the relationship between the government and its citizens. In the Preamble of Consti

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Raj at asked his teacher this question: “The constitution is a fifty year old and therefore outdated book. No one took my consent for implementing it. It is written in such tough language that I cannot understand it. Tell me why should I obey this document?” If you were the teacher, how would you answer Rajat?

Had I been the teacher I would answer Rajat: Indian Constitution is a blend of flexibility and rigidity. Hence, despite being fifty years old,it is not outdated as it has been amended a number of times whenever required to be modifiedfrom time to time. The Constitution was framed by the Constituent Assembly of an elected representatives fromevery section of society. Though Constituent Assembly was dominated by Congress which occupied 82% of the seats<br

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

The Japanese Constitution was made when the US occupation army was still in control of Japan after its defeat in the Second World War. The Japanese constitution could not have had any provision that the US government did not like. Do you see any problem in this way of making the constitution? In which way was the Indian experience different from this?

The Japanese Constitution could not have had any provision that the US government did not like,after the defeat of Japan in Second World War (1939-1945), due to fact that Constitution seeksto perform the functions and look after the interest of the rulers or authorities in the country whohas occupied it. But, in a democratic country, a constitution expresses the fundamental identityof people as in India.Indian experience was different from the experience of Japan

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Why is it necessary for a constitution to place limitations on the rulers? Can there be a constitution that gives no power at all to the citizens?

It is necessary for a constitution to place limitations on the rulers: These units are fundamental in the sense that the rulers may not trespass them. Citizens have been specified certain fundamental rights in Constitution to limit powers ofrulers. Citizens have been granted some basic rights of liberties also, ibebright to freedom of speechand expressions, freedom to form trade union and associations, etc. which cannot be checkedby the government.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Why is it necessary for a country to have a clear demarcation of powers and responsibilities in the constitution? What would happen in the absence of such a demarcation?

It is necessary for a country to have a clear demarcation of powers and responsibilities in theconstitution because: To ensure that no single institution acquires monopoly of power. In case of transgressions, it may be checked by one of the institutions. To specify who plays important role in decision-making powers. It shows how government would be constituted. It lays down some limits on the government and citizens both which are fundamental in nature

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Give two examples each to support the following conclusions about the Indian Constitution: (a) The Constitution was made by credible leaders who commanded people’s respect. (b) The Constitution has distributed power in such a way as to make it difficult to subvert it. (c) The Constitution is the locus of people’s hopes and aspirations.

(a) The following two factors are responsible: The members of Constituent Assembly were elected by indirect election by the membersof Provincial Legislative Assemblies to be established in 1935. Assembly reflected eachof the communities, provinces, princely states through an appropriate formula. Even 28members belonged to scheduled castes. The members of Constituent Assembly went through long debates and discussions for166 days spread over two years eleve

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

State whether the following inferences about the making of the Indian Constitution are Correct or Incorrect. Give reasons to support your answer. (a) The Constituent Assembly did not represent the Indian people since it was not elected by all citizens. (b) Constitution making did not involve any major decision since there was a general consensus among the leaders at that time about its basic framework. (c) There was little originality in the Constitution, for much of it was borrowed from other countries

(a) It is incorrect to say that Constituent Assembly did not represent Indian peoplebecause: Although the members of Constituent Assembly were not elected by Universal suffrage,but there was a serious attempt to make the Assembly a representative body. The Constituent Assembly represented the members of all religions, social and economicgroups to accommodate all shades of opinion within it. The Assembly had 26 members even from scheduled castes.(b)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

State whether the following statements about a constitution are True or False: (a) Constitutions are written documents about formation and power of the government. (b) Constitutions exist and are required only in democratic countries. (c) Constitution is a legal document that does not deal with ideals and values. (d) A constitution gives its citizens a new identity

(d)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which of the following is a good reason to conclude that the authority of the constitution is higher than that of the parliament? (a) The constitution was framed before the parliament came into being. (b) The constitution makers were more eminent leaders than the members of the parliament. (c) The constitution specifies how parliament is to be formed and what are its powers. (d) The constitution cannot be amended by the parliament.

(c)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which of these is not a function of the constitution? (a) It gives a guarantee of the rights of the citizen. (b) It marks out different spheres of power for different branches of government. (c) It ensures that good people come to power. (d) It gives expression to some shared values.

(c)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What are the powers and functions of the chairperson of the Rajya Sabha?

The Vice President of India is the chairperson of Rajya Sabha to perform the followingfunctions: To preside over the meetings of Rajya Sabha. To allow members to speak. To maintain relevance in debates and to stop the members if anyone usesun&not;parliamentary language. He is the custodian of the diginity of house and protects the privileges of themembers of the Rajya Sabha. He preserves order in the house and if situation goes out of contr

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How does Indian Parliament control the Executive?

The Prime Minister and his Council is elected out of the parliament who participatein the proceedings of the Parliament. The members of Parliament can put up the questions from council of ministers andare entitled to get satisfactory responses. The Parliament can invite attention of council of ministers towards the seriousproblem in the nation through an adjournment motion. The ministers are responsible to the parliament for their actions and policies.<b

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How is the speaker of the Lok Sabha elected? What are his main functions?

The speaker presides over the meetings of the Lok Sabha and conducts itsproceedings. The Lok Sabha elects him in the first sitting. The person who gets majority is elected as the speaker to impartially conduct thebusiness of the House.The speaker conducts the following functions: To preside over the meetings of the Lok Sabha. To appoint the chairperson and other members of select committees. To maintain discipline in the House. To de

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the special powers of the Rajya Sabha.

The Rajya Sabha alone can initiate the proposal for removing the Vice-President andit can create one or more All India services on passing a resolution by 2/3 majority. Under Article 249, the Rajya Sabha may declare a resolution to be passed by 2/3majority that Parliament should make laws with respect to any matter enumeratedin the state list.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is the composition of the State Legislative Council?

 1/3 members are elected by the State Legislative Assembly and these persons arenot to be the members of the State Legislative Assembly. 1/3 of the members are elected by the local bodies like corporations, Municipalities,Panchayats, Zila Parishad, etc. 1/12 of the members are elected by the teachers of not lower than Higher SecondarySchools. Teachers who have three years of standing are entitled to vote in theelections  1/6 of the total members

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How can you say that “Upper House is permanent in Bi-cameral Legislature”?

In Bi-cameral legislature, the two Houses exist, one is known as the Upper House andthe other is Lower House. The Upper House is permanent: The members to the senate of Canada are nominated for whole life. The House of Lords in Britain is hereditary which never ceases to exist. The one-third members of the Rajya Sabha in India get retired after every two yearsand new members are elected there. Hence, they enjoy the tenure of six years aswell as it never

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is a Bi-cameral legislature? Explain

A Bi-cameral legislature is a two-chambered legislature: The second chamber has its merits and demerits both. Bi-cameral system is getting popular now-a-days due to its merits. In countries like India, USA, UK, Switzerland, Canada, the Bi-cameral Legislature isexperienced.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Give some arguments in favour of Uni-cameral legislature

 Uni-cameral legislature helps to maintain uniformity and unity of legislature as wellas the people cannot have two opinions at a time on the same subject. Uni-cameral proceedings save money and time because the salaries paid to themembers of other house, can be used in some other useful works as well as any billis not sent to any other house which saves time also.

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