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Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Mention the constitutional development in France.

France is getting continuously constitutional changes after the revolution and Nepoleonic period: The first French Republic took place in Second Republic commenced in 1848 with new Third time it commenced in 1875 and again in Fifth Republic took place in 1958

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Who enjoys the power to amend the constitution and how?

Parliament of India under Article 368 enjoys the power to amend the constitution by way of addition, variation or repeal any provision by the procedure laid down in Article 368: By simple majority in By special majority in both the houses of parliament (Article 368). By special majority legislatures of half of the

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which amendments are known as anti-defection amendments?

52nd and 91st Amendments (brought down the minimum age from 21 to 18 years).

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which amendment increased the salaries of judges of high court and supreme court?

55th amendment.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

By which amendment, the age of retirement of high court judges increased from 60 to 62 years?

15th amendment.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

When did the constitution of India come into force?

On 26 January, 1950.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

When was the Constitution of India adopted?

On 26 November, 1949

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How the basic structure of the Constitution of India has been maintained till date?

Constitution-makers were very farsighted who provided many solution for future The provisions for amendments were also made to changing needs of

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

How many times, the former Soviet Union had formal new constitutions?

Four constitutions within 74 years (1918, 1924, 1936 and 1977)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

In which year, the 42nd Amendment took place?

1976

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

In which countries, people initiate amendments to the constitution?

Russia, Switzerland, Italy,

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

What is the objective of constitution of India as embodied in the Preamble?

Justice-Social, Political, Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and Equality of status and Fraternity assuring the dignity of individual and unity of

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

If amending power is with the elected representatives, judiciary should NOT have the power to decide the validity of amendments. Do you agree? Give your reasons in 100 words.

No, I don’t agree on the view because: During the period of 1970-1980, whatsoever amendments were made, these created a legal and political controversy, only interference of judiciary tackled them. During the period 1971-1976, the ruling party attempted to subvert the constitution by 42nd amendment Act. Again, judiciary intervened and protected the basic structure of the constitution. A constitutional legal issu

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Many amendments to the Constitution of India have been made due to different interpretations upheld by the Judiciary and the Parliament. Explain with examples.

The first amendment act of 1951, made changes in the constitution due to some flows in the working of constitution and those were to be remedied. Under Article 19, Right to Freedom of speech and expression was held by some courts to be very comprehensive, not to take any action against any individual. Many laws made on abolition of Zamindari System were declared Ultra Vires by courts, hence, constitution was amended. In the case of Keshavananda Bharti, Par

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Explain the reason for requiring special majority for amending the Constitution. 8. Special majority is required in the different manner:

Half of the total strength of the house, who are in favour of the amendment Two-third of those supporters who participate in Both the houses of parliament must pass the bill separately also. The above mentioned majorities are required because: To take some opposition parties into confidence due to On the issues of distribution of powers, some articles are needed to be consulted with the states. Through wide consensus and limited partici

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

From the information that many amendments were made during 2000-2003, which of the following conclusions would you draw? (a) Judiciary did not interfere in the amendments made during this period. (b) One political party had a strong majority during this period. (c) There was strong pressure from the pubic in favour of certain amendments. (d) There were no real differences among the parties during this time. (e) The amendments were of a non-controversial nature and parties had an agreement on the subject of amendments.

(c) (d) and (e)

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Identify the correct statements about the theory of basic structure. Correct the incorrect statements. (a) Constitution specifies the basic tenets. (b) Legislature can amend all parts of the Constitution except the basic structure. (c) Judiciary has defined which aspects of the Constitution can be termed as the basic structure and which cannot. (d) This theory found its first expression in the Kesavananda Bharati case and has been discussed in subsequent judgments. (e) This theory has increased the powers of the judiciary and has come to be accepted by different political parties and the government.

(a) It is an incorrect statement because constitution does not specify basic tenets, the basic structure has been evolved by the supreme court. It is a correct It is correct because the basic theory is the invention of It is a correct It is a correct

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Which of the following is not a reasonable explanation of the conflict between the legislature and the judiciary over different amendments? (a) Different interpretations of the Constitution are possible. (b) In a democracy, debates and differences are natural. (c) Constitution has given higher importance to certain rules and principles and also allowed for amendment by special majority. (d) Legislature cannot be entrusted to protect the rights of the citizens. (e) Judiciary can only decide the constitutionality of a particular law; cannot resolve political debates about its need.

(d) Legislature cannot be entrusted to protect the rights of citizens because issues of rights are resolved by the constitution under the Right to Constitutional Remedies.

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

Because:

It over rided the decision of the supreme court given in the Kesavananda The duration of Lok Sabha was extended from five to six It imposed restrictions on the power of judicial review of It also made changes to the preamble, seventh schedule and 53 articles of constitution, Various MPs from opposition were in

Political ScienceClass 10CBSE

You have read in this chapter that the 42nd amendment was one of the most controversial amendments so far. Which of the following were the reasons for this controversy?

It was made during national emergency, and the declaration of that emergency was itself controversial. It was made without the support of special It was made without ratification by the State It contained provisions, which were

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