What Are Plastids and Their Function?
GeneralClass 10CBSEAnswered 1 Apr 2026
Answer
Plastids are specialized double-membrane organelles found in plant cells and algae that perform photosynthesis, store nutrients, and produce essential cellular compounds.
Plastids serve as the powerhouses of plant metabolism, handling multiple critical functions:
Primary Functions:
- Photosynthesis: Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy (glucose)
- Storage: Amyloplasts store starch, elaioplasts store oils and lipids
- Pigmentation: Chromoplasts produce and store colorful pigments in flowers and fruits
- Synthesis: Create fatty acids, amino acids, and other essential molecules
Important Notes::
- Plastids are exclusive to plant cells and algae
- They contain their own DNA and ribosomes
- Different plastid types perform specialized roles
- All plastids evolve from proplastids in young cells
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